THE BODY OF FRANKENSTEIN'S MONSTER

Helman—professor of medicine (University College, London), family physician, and cultural historian—draws on his wide-ranging interests to offer a vivid, personable, and insightful exploration of physiology and fiction—of the interaction of the objective functioning of the human body and the subjective experience of it, as well as of the political analogues and social metaphors it inspires in both historic and contemporary terms. One version of the body, Frankenstein's monster, is, Helman says, an assemblage of otherwise alien parts existing in a balance of power, a ``somatic democracy'' disrupted occasionally by ``aliens'' such as transplants or ``invaded'' by germs (formerly demons), to which the poor, the weak, and the ``morally inept'' are particularly susceptible. This version of the body, the author explains, is more political than another version, ``The Premenstrual Werewolf,'' which emphasizes the moral dimension of the body, destroyed by the release of repressed animal forces- -contagious ones—expressed in a disease such as AIDS. At another extreme, in ``The Medusa Machine,'' Helman depicts the body as a machine, an extension of TV and the computer, imperfectly projected in anthropomorphic robots. The last essay, ``A Time of the Heart,'' traces the Type-A personality—aggressive, ambitious, impatient: the ``Numerical Man'' dominated by time, money, and statistics, acting out the values of the postindustrial society, a ``moral marionette'' whose success will cause his heart to fail. Helman's illustrations are especially apt and moving: an old man dies, the sitcom he was watching still reflected in his eyes, his dentures on the floor next to him, grinning back at the laughing figures. Or Helman reflects on the psychological damage to Isaac, the phobia he may have acquired against fathers, knives, rams, his post-traumatic syndrome. But the book is held together primarily by Helman's charm; it has the imperfect coherence of Frankenstein's monster, with which he is so fascinated. With its sweep, perception, originality, and felicitous use of language—an artistic and intellectual achievement.