THE DEVIL WINS

An intellectual discourse on the essence and history of duplicity.

In an attempt to answer the question “Is it ever acceptable to lie?” Denery (History/Bowdoin Coll.; Seeing and Being Seen in the Later Medieval World: Optics, Theology and Religious Life, 2005, etc.) delivers a predominantly referential tome on how ancient history viewed deception and why the behavioral evolution of dishonesty, from the Medieval period and Middle Ages to the early modern world, continues to influence society at large. He does so through a multipart narrative offering five differing perspectives on how lying has altered historical events, beginning with an astute analysis of varying theological conceptions of mendacity. The author juxtaposes God and the devil, with each entity exhibiting its own form of both obvious and cleverly cloaked deception. Denery also examines the schematics of the Garden of Eden and ideological debates of theologian philosophers such as Augustine, Calvin and Descartes to create a rich tapestry of creative thought, attitude and presumption. He interprets these theories with an expert hand while exploring how mistruths upended the secular law of the Middle Ages, and he scrutinizes the controversial crossroads of masculine and feminine deceptive traits. Not necessarily for casual readers, Denery’s classroom-ready textbook is often stiffly academic in tone and delivery. The author smartly skirts the tinderbox subject matter of dishonesty within the political arena (which could endure ad infinitum) and concludes with Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s take on how lies are simply “problems with natural causes and, hopefully, natural solutions.” Collectively, Denery’s chapters authoritatively chronicle deception’s gradual evolution from a hellish side effect of satanic belief to perhaps the pivotal axis upon which the contemporary world turns, ultimately (and somewhat startlingly) rationalizing that “[w]hile lies might occasionally threaten civil society, they also make it possible.”

A sophisticated, densely referenced, scholarly take on the perennial traits of human deceit and dishonesty.