Includes sketches of Mansa Musa, Sunni Ali Ber, Askia Muhammad, Affonso I and Idris Alaoma, medieval African rulers. Unfortunately, there isa heavy use of dialogue, which is attributed to these men and their courtiers. Although it seems suspect, we do not have the means to check the sources. Our general view is that fact is fact and fiction is fiction and when the easy devices of the latter are used to energize the former, history loses and so do readers.