THE BREAKTHROUGH YEARS

A fresh look at adolescence.

Nearly 500 pages on this topic may seem excessive—except to the harried parents of teens. Two centuries of experts have used personal experience, religion, ideology, and tradition to describe how to raise children. In this massive compendium of research on teenage brain science, Galinsky, president of the Families and Work Institute, author of Mind in the Making, Ask the Children, and The Six Stages of Parenthood, presents the results of a lifetime of her own study of parenting and child development, offering countless useful, concrete facts often missing from similar books over the decades. The author emphasizes that young people are not adults; assessing them using an “adult yardstick” sets them up for failure. Since 1904, when the first study of adolescence as a distinct developmental stage appeared, it’s been described as a time of “storm and stress.” With the use of high-tech scanners, modern-day scientists have revealed that the brain’s reward system develops more quickly than its control system. This seems to explain teens’ risky behavior, but Galinsky maintains that they never stop learning. An ongoing theme is that “challenges” (i.e., poor behavior) are an opportunity to teach, and adolescents need to feel they have a choice over how they live. In Galinsky’s autonomy-supportive approach, adults don’t solve problems; they engage children in learning to provide their own solutions. While there is no shortage of homilies, testimonials, and anecdotes, the author does not dispense the wisdom of a master healer a la Doctor Spock. She writes as a veteran scientist, usually preceding advice with the results of a study or an expert’s analysis. Dense with bullet points, lists, and tables, it resembles a textbook more than an advice manual; like a textbook, it rewards careful study.

A deeply researched parenting guide with more than the usual emphasis on the facts.