A peripheral subject which the author pursues in too much detail and in a manner reminiscent of high school term papers. From the concluding capsule: ""Andree was the absolute pioneer, while Wellman was the hardest trier with five attempts to his credit; Amundsen was the tough ground explorer who gave his life for polar aviation; Byrd was the success story who established for himself an unassailable position in polar flying; Nobile achieved much in polar skies with his airships, but received ingratitude and humiliation from his own country; Ellsworth the millionaire gladly risked his life to conquer Antarctica; and finally Wilkins, a rebel to warm the hearts of all other rebels, became the father of Arctic aviation."" Standard pemmican and engine trouble, and Byrd's mother saying he's too young to travel.