AGAINST WHITE FEMINISM

An exploration of the divisive effects of Whiteness on feminism and a strong argument for transforming long-standing power structures.

In her latest book, Zakaria examines “dimensions of the feminist movement as it exists today, how it has arrived at this point, and where it could go from here, such that every woman who calls herself a feminist, of any race, class, nationality, or religion, can see a path forward and a reason to stay.” Underscoring her case against hegemonic trickle-down feminism are the author’s personal experiences. At age 17, while she was still living in her native Pakistan, she agreed to an arranged marriage in order to move to the U.S., where her future husband, 13 years her senior, promised to “allow” her to go to college. “I had never experienced freedom, so I gladly signed it away,” she writes. Their relationship became abusive, and, years later, Zakaria fled to a women’s shelter with their young daughter. The author describes in studied detail the dissonance between “the women who write and speak feminism and the women who live it,” pointing out that the former are almost exclusively White and middle- or upper-middle-class, while the latter are typically Black and brown working-class women. Zakaria asserts that White feminists “are constructing a feminism that uses the lives of Black and Brown people as arenas in which they can prove their credentials to white men….Freedom is a zero-sum game, more for one group (white women) only possible as the reinforcement of less for another (non-white people).” Demanding anti-capitalist empowerment, political solidarity, and intersectional redistributive change, the author eviscerates White-centered feminism, the tokenization of women of color, the aid industrial complex, and more. The final chapter, “From Deconstruction to Reconstruction,” is a welcome transition from visceral attack to plea for unification. In her conclusion, Zakaria acknowledges that “critique is the first step in a long process of opening debate.”

A worthy contribution to feminist and activist studies.