Certainly a lot of useful information, but a small voice must still ask: Doesn’t writing a book touting today’s world as the...
Are you anxious to the point you’re incapacitated and woefully unwell? Then this one’s for you.
Much-published neuropsychiatrist Restak (Brainscapes, 1995, etc.) rings changes on all the meanings of anxiety, “at every level from the molecular to the behavioral.” Restak’s point is that today, much more than in Auden’s post–WWII “Age of Anxiety,” we live in a nervous-making world, hyped by the media and cajoled by Big Pharma, ever ready with pills to soothe our troubled souls. But that should not be necessary, the author hastens to add, except in extreme cases like “GAD” (generalized anxiety disorder), “PTSD” (post-traumatic stress disorder), and a few other nasty states at the extreme end of the anxiety spectrum. Restak distinguishes between fear, which is based on something concrete like the rattler in your path, and anxiety, which is a more sustained concern about things that are uncertain and over which you have no control. These two emotions have their own circuits in the nervous system for good adaptive/survival purposes: to make you aware of danger and to prompt appropriate actions. It is only when they come to dominate behavior, taking over from your frontal lobes, that they become phobias or destructive anxiety disorders, illustrated by Restak’s own case studies (and the title reference to Poe’s “Tell-Tale Heart,” whose needlessly fearful narrator betrays himself). The text also surveys the literature on the cortex and the amygdala (a major subcortical emotional center), describing animal and human studies that have led to the development of anti-anxiety drugs. Restak concludes each chapter and ends with some self-help tips on coping with anxiety. Most of these offer good common sense: learn to repress those catastrophic scenarios; try to maintain perspective; avoid too much free time.
Certainly a lot of useful information, but a small voice must still ask: Doesn’t writing a book touting today’s world as the Big-Time Anxiety Age count as a bit of hype in itself?Pub Date: Nov. 23, 2004
ISBN: 1-4000-4850-8
Page Count: 224
Publisher: Harmony
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 2004
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our...
A psychologist and Nobel Prize winner summarizes and synthesizes the recent decades of research on intuition and systematic thinking.
The author of several scholarly texts, Kahneman (Emeritus Psychology and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.) now offers general readers not just the findings of psychological research but also a better understanding of how research questions arise and how scholars systematically frame and answer them. He begins with the distinction between System 1 and System 2 mental operations, the former referring to quick, automatic thought, the latter to more effortful, overt thinking. We rely heavily, writes, on System 1, resorting to the higher-energy System 2 only when we need or want to. Kahneman continually refers to System 2 as “lazy”: We don’t want to think rigorously about something. The author then explores the nuances of our two-system minds, showing how they perform in various situations. Psychological experiments have repeatedly revealed that our intuitions are generally wrong, that our assessments are based on biases and that our System 1 hates doubt and despises ambiguity. Kahneman largely avoids jargon; when he does use some (“heuristics,” for example), he argues that such terms really ought to join our everyday vocabulary. He reviews many fundamental concepts in psychology and statistics (regression to the mean, the narrative fallacy, the optimistic bias), showing how they relate to his overall concerns about how we think and why we make the decisions that we do. Some of the later chapters (dealing with risk-taking and statistics and probabilities) are denser than others (some readers may resent such demands on System 2!), but the passages that deal with the economic and political implications of the research are gripping.
Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our minds.Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011
ISBN: 978-0-374-27563-1
Page Count: 512
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Review Posted Online: Sept. 3, 2011
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2011
BOOK REVIEW
IN THE NEWS
IN THE NEWS
The Stoics did much better with the much shorter Enchiridion.
A follow-on to the author’s garbled but popular 48 Laws of Power, promising that readers will learn how to win friends and influence people, to say nothing of outfoxing all those “toxic types” out in the world.
Greene (Mastery, 2012, etc.) begins with a big sell, averring that his book “is designed to immerse you in all aspects of human behavior and illuminate its root causes.” To gauge by this fat compendium, human behavior is mostly rotten, a presumption that fits with the author’s neo-Machiavellian program of self-validation and eventual strategic supremacy. The author works to formula: First, state a “law,” such as “confront your dark side” or “know your limits,” the latter of which seems pale compared to the Delphic oracle’s “nothing in excess.” Next, elaborate on that law with what might seem to be as plain as day: “Losing contact with reality, we make irrational decisions. That is why our success often does not last.” One imagines there might be other reasons for the evanescence of glory, but there you go. Finally, spin out a long tutelary yarn, seemingly the longer the better, to shore up the truism—in this case, the cometary rise and fall of one-time Disney CEO Michael Eisner, with the warning, “his fate could easily be yours, albeit most likely on a smaller scale,” which ranks right up there with the fortuneteller’s “I sense that someone you know has died" in orders of probability. It’s enough to inspire a new law: Beware of those who spend too much time telling you what you already know, even when it’s dressed up in fresh-sounding terms. “Continually mix the visceral with the analytic” is the language of a consultant’s report, more important-sounding than “go with your gut but use your head, too.”
The Stoics did much better with the much shorter Enchiridion.Pub Date: Oct. 23, 2018
ISBN: 978-0-525-42814-5
Page Count: 580
Publisher: Viking
Review Posted Online: July 30, 2018
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 15, 2018
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
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