ONE FAIR WAGE

Anecdotal manifesto for a living wage for tipped workers.

By Jayaraman’s account, more than 6 million workers in the U.S. live on tips, which are unpredictable and often not forthcoming. “For tipped workers…the customer is always right,” she writes. “The customer pays your bills, not the employer, and as a result, the customer’s biases dictate a worker’s livelihood.” This plays out in numerous ways. For one, workers of color often are relegated to menial roles. One example is an undocumented young man from Mexico who was stuck as a busser for years before finally rising to the vaunted role of bartender. Women workers are subject to incessant sexual harassment, which they dare resist at the expense of pay and even their own health, since a common demand is that they remove personal protective gear and show themselves. The subminimum wage that tipped workers receive, Jayaraman writes provocatively, is a holdover from slavery, punishing the ranks of immigrants, people of color, and women. And that’s not to mention the truly enslaving practice of requiring prisoners to work for “as little as 11 cents an hour or $1 a day, depending on the state.” Only seven states have mandated that tipped workers be paid a minimum wage. Meanwhile, Jayaraman writes, whole sectors of workers in the gig economy are being forced into subminimum wage positions that benefit the bosses but not them. Drawing on profiles and more than 500 interviews with prisoners, nail-salon workers, restaurant staff, drivers, delivery workers, and many others, Jayaraman delivers an argument that is often repetitive, since the conclusion of each profile is always the same: The subminimum wage must be abolished in favor of “one fair wage,” the title of both this book and Jayaraman’s legislative initiative.

A clearly argued, sometimes-circular case for bringing economic justice to a growing segment of the workforce.