MEN OF THE 65TH

The heroism of the U.S. Army’s first segregated Latino regiment is explored in rich detail.

After Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States in 1899, the Puerto Rican Battalion of Volunteer Infantry was formed. Two name changes later, they became the 65th Infantry Regiment. Despite participating in both world wars, they were regarded as inferior to White soldiers and relegated to noncombat duties until the Korean War. Also known as the Borinqueneers, they included both Black and White soldiers and became the pride of Puerto Rico, impressing their commanding officers with their teamwork, efficiency, and bravery. A dangerous assault on Hill 391, an exposed outpost in Korea, resulted in numerous casualties. Many soldiers from both the 65th Infantry Regiment and the 15th Infantry Division, who relieved them, refused to return to this blood bath; only Puerto Rican soldiers, however, were later court-martialed, reflecting the double standards with which they were treated. Survivors fought for decades to clear their names, and the regiment was finally awarded a Congressional Gold Medal by President Barack Obama in 2014. Their long-overlooked story is told in a riveting narrative style enhanced by maps, historical photographs, and eyewitness quotes. Detailed descriptions of Korean War battles set the backdrop for their heroism and triumph over adversity. The author also explores the broader context of Puerto Rico’s multiracial society and military racism.

Powerful stories from the battlefield illuminate courage and struggles for recognition.