An interlinking study of 11 outstanding thinkers which blueprints the change in four centuries of philosophy, underscoring the relationships and divergent patterns of development. Luther, Calvin, Descartes, Locke, Newton, Rousseau, Kant, Bentham, Darwin, Marx and Freud are the men under discussion, and the extent of their influence on the course of the intellectual trends is fully explored. It is a book of interpretation as well as explanation; it shows the transitions, the contrasts, the underlying motivation of each of the men. A well presented, argued thesis book of primary interest to students and class work.