THE HORSE

Everything you ever wanted to know about the genus Equus.

Until the rise of the automobile, humans were dependent on horses for transportation, “so paramount and pivotal to human society that we base our units of mechanical energy or engine output on horsepower.” Winegard, author of The Mosquito, takes a long view of the horse’s fortunes, suggesting that had it not been for human intervention, horses might well have gone extinct, with many former species now reduced to the common horse, Equus caballus, along with a small population of Przewalski’s horse, Equus ferus przewalskii. (For fans of genetics, one distinction is that the latter has 66 chromosomes against the former’s 64.) The author takes a kitchen-sink approach to his subject, with sometimes not quite digested and repetitive stocks of data and detail piled up on his pages. Even so, he turns in some good stories, such as the unfortunate choice of the Persian ruler Cyrus the Great to tangle with the Scythian horse masters of the Eurasian steppe, who likely turned his skull into a drinking bowl for his trouble. Another intriguing element is Winegard’s account of how the horse returned to the Americas, where it had first evolved but, after crossing over the Bering land bridge into Asia, disappeared. Brought by the Spanish, the horse occasioned the rise of wide-ranging Indigenous warrior cultures on both continents. Perhaps most meaningful to the sensitive horse lover will be the author’s look at the use of horses in World Wars I and II, with appalling losses that far surpassed those of humans: 8 million of 16 million horses in the Great War died, “the bloodiest conflict for horses in the history of warfare.”

Sometimes weighed down by too-abundant detail, but a thorough, comprehensive look at the horse across time and space.