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M&A TRANSACTIONS: FINANCIAL DUE DILIGENCE FROM ZERO TO PROFESSIONAL

Not quite an introduction, but a straightforward, detailed guide to a crucial type of financial analysis.

A concise, easy-to-use guide to the documents and procedures associated with financial due diligence.

Due diligence—financial analysis that’s an integral part of the sale or purchase of any business—is a complex process usually carried out by accountants and other financial professionals. Tseng’s book first draws on his years of experience with mergers and acquisitions to provide a detailed overview of due diligence that allows readers who have a basic understanding of accounting practices and terminology to follow the process and understand its basic components. The guide is essentially structured as an immense checklist, with the steps—scope of work, information collection and cash flow analysis, among others—broken down into their key parts. In each subsection, the author provides a comprehensive list of the major details that should be addressed as well as questions to be answered when the analysis is complete. A recurring caution, which appears in multiple chapters, reminds readers that due diligence is an analysis of facts, not speculation. The author explains that conclusions should be based on solid data, and if the necessary numbers are unavailable, the report should note that reality, as opposed to guessing. Although the book’s title suggests a guide accessible to financial novices, it’s unlikely that readers unacquainted with the general principles and terminology of financial accounting will be able to draw more than a basic comprehension. The author notes that he has made an effort to minimize his use of jargon, but the topic is a specialized one, so readers will find it most useful if they already understand how to read a cash flow statement and calculate net assets without relying on a glossary—since there’s none here—to interpret acronyms like KPI. For those readers, however, the clearly written text and numerous examples add up to a useful addition to the reference shelf.

Not quite an introduction, but a straightforward, detailed guide to a crucial type of financial analysis.

Pub Date: June 19, 2013

ISBN: 978-1490351483

Page Count: 182

Publisher: CreateSpace

Review Posted Online: Sept. 24, 2013

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THINKING, FAST AND SLOW

Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our...

A psychologist and Nobel Prize winner summarizes and synthesizes the recent decades of research on intuition and systematic thinking.

The author of several scholarly texts, Kahneman (Emeritus Psychology and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.) now offers general readers not just the findings of psychological research but also a better understanding of how research questions arise and how scholars systematically frame and answer them. He begins with the distinction between System 1 and System 2 mental operations, the former referring to quick, automatic thought, the latter to more effortful, overt thinking. We rely heavily, writes, on System 1, resorting to the higher-energy System 2 only when we need or want to. Kahneman continually refers to System 2 as “lazy”: We don’t want to think rigorously about something. The author then explores the nuances of our two-system minds, showing how they perform in various situations. Psychological experiments have repeatedly revealed that our intuitions are generally wrong, that our assessments are based on biases and that our System 1 hates doubt and despises ambiguity. Kahneman largely avoids jargon; when he does use some (“heuristics,” for example), he argues that such terms really ought to join our everyday vocabulary. He reviews many fundamental concepts in psychology and statistics (regression to the mean, the narrative fallacy, the optimistic bias), showing how they relate to his overall concerns about how we think and why we make the decisions that we do. Some of the later chapters (dealing with risk-taking and statistics and probabilities) are denser than others (some readers may resent such demands on System 2!), but the passages that deal with the economic and political implications of the research are gripping.

Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our minds.

Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011

ISBN: 978-0-374-27563-1

Page Count: 512

Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux

Review Posted Online: Sept. 3, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2011

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THE CULTURE MAP

BREAKING THROUGH THE INVISIBLE BOUNDARIES OF GLOBAL BUSINESS

These are not hard and fast rules, but Meyer delivers important reading for those engaged in international business.

A helpful guide to working effectively with people from other cultures.

“The sad truth is that the vast majority of managers who conduct business internationally have little understanding about how culture is impacting their work,” writes Meyer, a professor at INSEAD, an international business school. Yet they face a wider array of work styles than ever before in dealing with clients, suppliers and colleagues from around the world. When is it best to speak or stay quiet? What is the role of the leader in the room? When working with foreign business people, failing to take cultural differences into account can lead to frustration, misunderstanding or worse. Based on research and her experiences teaching cross-cultural behaviors to executive students, the author examines a handful of key areas. Among others, they include communicating (Anglo-Saxons are explicit; Asians communicate implicitly, requiring listeners to read between the lines), developing a sense of trust (Brazilians do it over long lunches), and decision-making (Germans rely on consensus, Americans on one decider). In each area, the author provides a “culture map scale” that positions behaviors in more than 20 countries along a continuum, allowing readers to anticipate the preferences of individuals from a particular country: Do they like direct or indirect negative feedback? Are they rigid or flexible regarding deadlines? Do they favor verbal or written commitments? And so on. Meyer discusses managers who have faced perplexing situations, such as knowledgeable team members who fail to speak up in meetings or Indians who offer a puzzling half-shake, half-nod of the head. Cultural differences—not personality quirks—are the motivating factors behind many behavioral styles. Depending on our cultures, we understand the world in a particular way, find certain arguments persuasive or lacking merit, and consider some ways of making decisions or measuring time natural and others quite strange.

These are not hard and fast rules, but Meyer delivers important reading for those engaged in international business.

Pub Date: May 27, 2014

ISBN: 978-1-61039-250-1

Page Count: 288

Publisher: PublicAffairs

Review Posted Online: April 15, 2014

Kirkus Reviews Issue: May 1, 2014

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