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THE INVENTION OF THE AMERICAS

ECLIPSE OF 'THE OTHER' AND THE MYTH OF MODERNITY

A tendentious postmodern critique of modernity and the European colonization of the New World. Dussel (Philosophy/Universidad Aut¢nomo, Mexico) argues that modernity began in 1492 when Europe changed from a small cluster of semicivilized states hemmed in by the Muslim nations to a world center``a new discovering universality.'' To accompany this new global perspective, a ``myth'' of modernity was created, one that permitted any measure of European barbarity as long as it was in the name of civilization. Thus, what Dussel sees as the valuable side of modernity, its liberating potential, is a smoke screen for exploitation and that old naughty vampire, capital. From Foucault to the Frankfurt School, this is a familiar, even overly familiar, argument. Dussel's specific thesis could have been neatly wrapped up into an article, but as a book, it is hopelessly padded, as well as riven through with unnecessary academic jargon: ``Modernity will come into its fullness...by surpassing itself through a corealization with its once negated alterity and through a process of mutual, creative fecundation.'' Dussel also does disservice to his argument with his tendency toward hyperbole and ideological one-sidedness. He seems to believe that exploitation is largely a modern invention and that pre-Columbian America was an innocent Eden. There is little weight given, for example, to the fact that the Aztec Empire was a hegemonic, exploitative aristocracy. One of the main reasons it fell so easily was not, as Dussel holds, that CortÇs was thought to be a god, but that subject tribes were all too eager to ally with the Spanish and free themselves from Aztec oppression. Also for someone so Eurocritical, Dussel's argument, from his concept of modernity as liberating on, is shot through with Eurocentrism. A windy and tiresome second-hand jeremiad. (charts, maps)

Pub Date: Aug. 1, 1995

ISBN: 0-8264-0796-X

Page Count: 240

Publisher: Continuum

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: June 1, 1995

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FIVE DAYS IN NOVEMBER

Chronology, photographs and personal knowledge combine to make a memorable commemorative presentation.

Jackie Kennedy's secret service agent Hill and co-author McCubbin team up for a follow-up to Mrs. Kennedy and Me (2012) in this well-illustrated narrative of those five days 50 years ago when President John F. Kennedy was assassinated.

Since Hill was part of the secret service detail assigned to protect the president and his wife, his firsthand account of those days is unique. The chronological approach, beginning before the presidential party even left the nation's capital on Nov. 21, shows Kennedy promoting his “New Frontier” policy and how he was received by Texans in San Antonio, Houston and Fort Worth before his arrival in Dallas. A crowd of more than 8,000 greeted him in Houston, and thousands more waited until 11 p.m. to greet the president at his stop in Fort Worth. Photographs highlight the enthusiasm of those who came to the airports and the routes the motorcades followed on that first day. At the Houston Coliseum, Kennedy addressed the leaders who were building NASA for the planned moon landing he had initiated. Hostile ads and flyers circulated in Dallas, but the president and his wife stopped their motorcade to respond to schoolchildren who held up a banner asking the president to stop and shake their hands. Hill recounts how, after Lee Harvey Oswald fired his fatal shots, he jumped onto the back of the presidential limousine. He was present at Parkland Hospital, where the president was declared dead, and on the plane when Lyndon Johnson was sworn in. Hill also reports the funeral procession and the ceremony in Arlington National Cemetery. “[Kennedy] would have not wanted his legacy, fifty years later, to be a debate about the details of his death,” writes the author. “Rather, he would want people to focus on the values and ideals in which he so passionately believed.”

Chronology, photographs and personal knowledge combine to make a memorable commemorative presentation.

Pub Date: Nov. 19, 2013

ISBN: 978-1-4767-3149-0

Page Count: 256

Publisher: Gallery Books/Simon & Schuster

Review Posted Online: Sept. 20, 2013

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 1, 2013

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THE FIGHT TO VOTE

A timely contribution to the discussion of a crucial issue.

A history of the right to vote in America.

Since the nation’s founding, many Americans have been uneasy about democracy. Law and policy expert Waldman (The Second Amendment: A Biography, 2014, etc.), president of New York University’s Brennan Center for Justice, offers a compelling—and disheartening—history of voting in America, from provisions of the Constitution to current debates about voting rights and campaign financing. In the Colonies, only white male property holders could vote and did so in public, by voice. With bribery and intimidation rampant, few made the effort. After the Revolution, many states eliminated property requirements so that men over 21 who had served in the militia could vote. But leaving voting rules to the states disturbed some lawmakers, inciting a clash between those who wanted to restrict voting and those “who sought greater democracy.” That clash fueled future debates about allowing freed slaves, immigrants, and, eventually, women to vote. In 1878, one leading intellectual railed against universal suffrage, fearing rule by “an ignorant proletariat and a half-taught plutocracy.” Voting corruption persisted in the 19th century, when adoption of the secret ballot “made it easier to stuff the ballot box” by adding “as many new votes as proved necessary.” Southern states enacted disenfranchising measures, undermining the 15th Amendment. Waldman traces the campaign for women’s suffrage; the Supreme Court’s dismal record on voting issues (including Citizens United); and the contentious fight to pass the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which “became a touchstone of consensus between Democrats and Republicans” and was reauthorized four times before the Supreme Court “eviscerated it in 2013.” Despite increased access to voting, over the years, turnout has fallen precipitously, and “entrenched groups, fearing change, have…tried to reduce the opportunity for political participation and power.” Waldman urges citizens to find a way to celebrate democracy and reinvigorate political engagement for all.

A timely contribution to the discussion of a crucial issue.

Pub Date: Feb. 23, 2016

ISBN: 978-1-5011-1648-3

Page Count: 384

Publisher: Simon & Schuster

Review Posted Online: Nov. 28, 2015

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 15, 2015

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