An engaging and varied look at the economic forces that have shaped America.
Atlantic Monthly senior editor Beatty (The World According to Peter Drucker, 1998, etc.) has put together an eclectic collection of readings that examines the influence of corporations on American life—from the cotton mills of 19th-century New England to the leveraged buyouts of contemporary Wall Street.
Two features distinguish the corporation from traditional partnerships: limited liability and perpetual existence. The former permits investors to shield their personal assets no matter how badly their ventures fare while the latter ensures that businesses transcend the personal fortunes of their partners. Both features encouraged industrial growth in the private sector on a scale otherwise impossible. Until the 20th century, the US lacked a central government powerful enough to undertake large-scale public works projects, such as building railroads. As the readings amply demonstrate, the corporation filled that void, enabling the development of the major industrial enterprises that transformed America from a rural, decentralized society to an integrated industrial power. Although the author’s account traces the familiar terrain of how corporate America changed to reflect social and political developments (the rise of labor unions, women in the work force, anti-monopoly sentiment), its real strength lies in Beatty’s deft selection of readings that reveal how the country’s economic evolution affected societal attitudes and individual lives. For instance, he includes an unexpectedly glowing report from Charles Dickens on the working conditions in the mills of Lowell, Massachusetts, which contrasts nicely with the satirical indictment of corporate culture taken from Joseph Heller’s novel, Something Happened. Although Beatty includes readings that highlight the contributions of large corporations to the national development, he is at his best when he gets the contemporary corporate giant in his cross-hairs, skewering pampered executives for mismanagement and pointing to the deleterious effect of the corporate mentality on American culture and family.
An engaging and varied look at the economic forces that have shaped America.Pub Date: April 10, 2001
ISBN: 0-7679-0352-8
Page Count: 528
Publisher: Broadway
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 1, 2001
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
An informative if overlong account of how American car makers regained much of the ground they had lost during the 1980s to foreign rivals in their own backyard and Europe. Drawing mainly on their own reportage as Detroit-based correspondents for The Wall Street Journal, Ingrassia and White offer a lively series of set pieces illustrating how Motown's Big Three (Chrysler, Ford, General Motors) managed to avert envelopment by their Japanese counterparts (Honda, Nissan, Toyota, et al.) and to launch an impressively effective counterattack. In large measure, the authors conclude, the improvement in the US industry's fortunes is attributable to its capacity to adopt and adapt the cost-control, employee-empowerment, productivity, and quality- assurance techniques pioneered by Japanese manufacturers. As Ingrassia and White make clear, however, the makeover was convulsive on the assembly line as well as in the executive suite. The authors do a fine job of reconstructing the boardroom coups that resulted in the ouster of such old-guard stalwarts as Chrysler's Lee Iacocca, Ford's Don Peterson, and GM's Bob Stempel (the unfortunate engineer who inherited the god-awful mess Roger Smith had made of the planet's largest commercial enterprise). Covered as well are the lesser lights who designed the passenger vehicles (Chrysler's Neon and Ford's born-again Mustang among others), plus the plant managers who reconciled the requirements of lean production with the aspirations of a unionized work force accustomed to adversarial labor relations. On the minus side of the ledger, Ingrassia and White have not resisted the temptation to include whatever they've learned in more than a decade on the automotive beat, and their narrative occasionally veers into trivial byways. Nonetheless, an engrossing and cautionary take on a consequential industry whose welfare is everybody's business. (16 pages of photos, not seen) (First serial to the Wall Street Journal; author tour)
Pub Date: Sept. 28, 1994
ISBN: 0-671-79214-8
Page Count: 496
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: June 24, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 1, 1994
A wonderful pudding of a book that serves up large helpings of US socioeconomic history over the past 35 years or so. The title and subtitle notwithstanding, GQ columnist Nocera never makes clear precisely what he means by the middle class. Nor does he provide a systematic reckoning on the financial times since 1958 (when BankAmerica launched what became the Visa credit card). What he does offer, though, are thoroughly engrossing takes on the breakthrough innovations that democratized America's monetary life. There are tellingly detailed briefings on the largely unsung creators of money-market mutual funds (including the first to give investors check-writing privileges), NOW accounts, negotiable CDs, no-load mutual funds, and other financial services that an affluent society now takes for granted. The author also profiles the bankers, Wall Streeters, and others who played leading roles in a revolution that profoundly altered Main Street's attitudes toward credit, debt, investment, and savings. Cases in point range from Peter Lynch (Fidelity's star portfolio manager until his 1990 retirement) through Charles Schwab (of discount brokerage fame), Citicorp's Walter Wriston, and Marshall Loeb (former editor of Money, which continues to overstate the rewards while minimizing the risks of do-it-yourself capitalism). Assessed as well are the convulsive consequences of Paul Volcker's conquest of inflation, deregulation of depository institutions, the stock market's 1987 crash, and the low interest rates that channeled increasing amounts of money into equities during the early 1990s. Conspicuous by its absence, though, is any sustained coverage of the S&L scandals, insider trading, the takeover boom, junk bonds, the assets controlled by insurance companies, derivative securities products, exchange-listed options, futures contracts, and allied aspects of the domestic financial scene. Even so, Nocera delivers a savvy rundown on the landmark developments that in less than four decades have made consumer finance a multilateral bazaar in which beating the markets is a populist pastime.
Pub Date: Oct. 1, 1994
ISBN: 0-671-66756-4
Page Count: 480
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: June 24, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 1, 1994
BOOK REVIEW
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