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OFF THE RECORD

THE PRESS, THE GOVERNMENT, AND THE WAR OVER ANONYMOUS SOURCES

Pearlstine wishes to report what happened; he also wishes to burnish his tarnished armor.

A former editor in chief of Time Inc.—also a principal in the battle between the press and prosecutors in the Valerie Plame case—rehearses and defends his role in the drama.

The generic title misleads a bit: Pearlstine deals mostly with the Plame case (its antecedents, its intricacies) and with the Scooter Libby indictment and trial. But he does focus on some other issues and cases. He wishes that news organizations were more explicit and consistent with their sources; he urges a more common vocabulary. He explores, for example, the differences between anonymous and confidential sources and appends guidelines recently adopted by Time Inc. He believes everyone involved could avoid much pain—ethical, legal, even punitive—if there were more clarity about terms like background and deep background. He takes swift glances at numerous other cases, from Watergate to Janet Cooke (who fabricated prize-winning pieces for the Washington Post), to Dan Rather’s botched story on President Bush’s National Guard service, the CIA secret prisons, NSA eavesdropping, even the embarrassing Sports Illustrated story about the University of Alabama’s new football coach, fired before he ever coached a game for alleged sexual improprieties. But most of these cases are illustrative only. What Pearlstine really wants is to explain his decision to turn over to Special Prosecutor Patrick Fitzgerald the notes of Time reporter Matt Cooper at a moment when Judy Miller, the New York Times reporter (who comes in for some harsh treatment here), elected to go to jail instead. Pearlstine says that his was a legal and ethical decision: Time Warner appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which refused to hear the case, so Pearlstine decided to submit to the lower-court’s decision. Thus, Time released its files, Cooper testified and Libby was found guilty. To his credit, Pearlstine quotes his severest critics—and usually resists the urge to counter.

Pearlstine wishes to report what happened; he also wishes to burnish his tarnished armor.

Pub Date: July 1, 2007

ISBN: 978-0-374-22449-3

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux

Review Posted Online: June 24, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: April 15, 2007

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A PEOPLE'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES

For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.

Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979

ISBN: 0061965588

Page Count: 772

Publisher: Harper & Row

Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979

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WHEN BREATH BECOMES AIR

A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...

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A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.

Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”

A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.

Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016

ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6

Page Count: 248

Publisher: Random House

Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015

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