A fascinating look at a debilitating malady and the new wave of thinking and treatments.
A leader in the field explains how the nightmare of depression is slowly being overcome.
Gold, who has worked at the National Institutes of Health since the mid-1970s, is an acclaimed expert in the treatment of depressive disorders. In this book, he looks ahead to an emerging generation of remedies. The author estimates that 15%-20% of the population suffer from depression in some form. For decades, depression was seen as an illness to be treated by psychiatric methods, but the past 20 years have seen the emphasis shift to biology. Health professionals now view depression as a neurodegenerative disease associated with the loss of tissue in key parts of the brain, resulting in chemical imbalances and synaptic failures. In particular, Gold believes that depression represents a stress response that has gone awry. Working from this premise, scientists have designed new drugs to help the brain rebuild pathways and repair damaged tissue. There is the possibility of treatments customized to the needs of different patients, and early research is promising. The author tracks the history of antidepressants, drawing on cases and clinical studies, including ones in which he was personally involved. Drugs like psilocybin and ketamine are now being used, and they have the advantage of taking effect quickly. Another area of research is targeted electrical stimulation of the brain, including repeated magnetic pulses. Researchers are also investigating the genetic aspects of depression, which might open the way for gene therapy and drugs to build resilience. Gold emphasizes that he is not against psychiatric treatment. In fact, he sees psychotherapy and biochemical therapy in combination as the most effective way to treat depression. The book could easily have become bogged down in technical jargon, but the author writes accessibly, making the book an informative, enjoyable read.
A fascinating look at a debilitating malady and the new wave of thinking and treatments.Pub Date: Aug. 15, 2023
ISBN: 9781538724613
Page Count: 272
Publisher: Twelve
Review Posted Online: May 2, 2023
Kirkus Reviews Issue: June 1, 2023
Readers unfamiliar with the anecdotal material Greene presents may find interesting avenues to pursue, but they should...
Greene (The 33 Strategies of War, 2007, etc.) believes that genius can be learned if we pay attention and reject social conformity.
The author suggests that our emergence as a species with stereoscopic, frontal vision and sophisticated hand-eye coordination gave us an advantage over earlier humans and primates because it allowed us to contemplate a situation and ponder alternatives for action. This, along with the advantages conferred by mirror neurons, which allow us to intuit what others may be thinking, contributed to our ability to learn, pass on inventions to future generations and improve our problem-solving ability. Throughout most of human history, we were hunter-gatherers, and our brains are engineered accordingly. The author has a jaundiced view of our modern technological society, which, he writes, encourages quick, rash judgments. We fail to spend the time needed to develop thorough mastery of a subject. Greene writes that every human is “born unique,” with specific potential that we can develop if we listen to our inner voice. He offers many interesting but tendentious examples to illustrate his theory, including Einstein, Darwin, Mozart and Temple Grandin. In the case of Darwin, Greene ignores the formative intellectual influences that shaped his thought, including the discovery of geological evolution with which he was familiar before his famous voyage. The author uses Grandin's struggle to overcome autistic social handicaps as a model for the necessity for everyone to create a deceptive social mask.
Readers unfamiliar with the anecdotal material Greene presents may find interesting avenues to pursue, but they should beware of the author's quirky, sometimes misleading brush-stroke characterizations.Pub Date: Nov. 13, 2012
ISBN: 978-0-670-02496-4
Page Count: 320
Publisher: Viking
Review Posted Online: Sept. 12, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 1, 2012
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our...
A psychologist and Nobel Prize winner summarizes and synthesizes the recent decades of research on intuition and systematic thinking.
The author of several scholarly texts, Kahneman (Emeritus Psychology and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.) now offers general readers not just the findings of psychological research but also a better understanding of how research questions arise and how scholars systematically frame and answer them. He begins with the distinction between System 1 and System 2 mental operations, the former referring to quick, automatic thought, the latter to more effortful, overt thinking. We rely heavily, writes, on System 1, resorting to the higher-energy System 2 only when we need or want to. Kahneman continually refers to System 2 as “lazy”: We don’t want to think rigorously about something. The author then explores the nuances of our two-system minds, showing how they perform in various situations. Psychological experiments have repeatedly revealed that our intuitions are generally wrong, that our assessments are based on biases and that our System 1 hates doubt and despises ambiguity. Kahneman largely avoids jargon; when he does use some (“heuristics,” for example), he argues that such terms really ought to join our everyday vocabulary. He reviews many fundamental concepts in psychology and statistics (regression to the mean, the narrative fallacy, the optimistic bias), showing how they relate to his overall concerns about how we think and why we make the decisions that we do. Some of the later chapters (dealing with risk-taking and statistics and probabilities) are denser than others (some readers may resent such demands on System 2!), but the passages that deal with the economic and political implications of the research are gripping.
Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our minds.Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011
ISBN: 978-0-374-27563-1
Page Count: 512
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Review Posted Online: Sept. 3, 2011
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2011
BOOK REVIEW
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