At times bedeviled by academic jargon and repetition of obvious problems, but essentially a worthy plea for change.
A research-heavy, advocacy-grounded study of urban blight and incarceration, in which the authors “argue that efforts to end mass incarceration must go beyond reforming legislation or police practices.”
San Antonio–based youth-development director Lugalia-Hollon and Cooper (Co-Director, Institute on Social Exclusion/Adler Univ.) focus on Austin, one of Chicago’s most economically depressed, high-crime neighborhoods. Throughout the book, the authors use the existence of the Eisenhower Expressway, which runs through the city into the suburbs, as a touchstone for inequality. Though the expressway exits are separated by only a few miles, what drivers find depending on the exit varies dramatically. The exit to Austin leads to shuttered businesses, inadequately funded schools, deteriorated housing, easily located drug dealers, a huge percentage of families below the poverty line, a brutal police presence, and alarming incarceration rates for African-American males. One more exit west leads to the Chicago suburb of Oak Park, a thriving, pleasant community populated by a low contingent of minority residents. Lugalia-Hollon and Cooper recognize that individual responsibility accounts for at least some of the massive economic and opportunity gaps, especially with regard to the need for more involvement by parents in community reform efforts. Mostly, however, they blame an uncaring, racially biased set of government agencies and businesses that actively avoid investment in Austin. The most blameworthy actors, it seems, are the police who arrest residents on the slimmest of pretexts, the prosecutors and judges who treat arrestees as cattle to be sent to prison, and the prison officials who encourage such behaviors to keep the cells filled. The authors offer possible solutions to most of the problems they document. Almost all of those solutions, however, depend upon major, unlikely readjustments of political priorities as well as massive investments in Austin by government, corporations, and not-for-profit foundations.
At times bedeviled by academic jargon and repetition of obvious problems, but essentially a worthy plea for change.Pub Date: April 17, 2018
ISBN: 978-0-8070-8465-6
Page Count: 240
Publisher: Beacon Press
Review Posted Online: Jan. 22, 2018
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2018
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...
A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.
Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016
ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6
Page Count: 248
Publisher: Random House
Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015
PERSPECTIVES
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