A meticulous and thoughtful scientific exploration.
A thorough tour of the science of depression, including its causes and its treatment.
Motivated to understand the suicidal depression that plagued a close friend, debut author Zabel, a retired major general in the U.S. Air Force, delved deeply into the constantly evolving research, hoping to find answers. The result is this remarkably comprehensive assessment of the competing theories regarding the reasons for depression, and of its therapeutic treatment. The author lucidly chronicles the shifting expert consensus on depression, from its interpretation as a trauma response to its acknowledgement as a biologically based illness. The candidate causes, however, are many. Is it the result of a chemical deficiency, or an excess of inflammation, or is it a function of cellular energy metabolism? One promising theory, the author notes, views depression as a stultification of neuroplasticity; a brain is in the continuous throes of “abrasion” and repair, and depression may result when the effects of the former surpass the latter’s. Zabel’s study is breathtakingly expansive—she looks at epidemiological surveys of a range of demographics, and provides a rigorous but accessible synopsis of the brain’s general functioning. The book is a combination of highly technical research and anecdotal accounts, as the author interviews many sufferers of depression, endowing the work with a sensitively handled human element. There are times when a lay reader may feel overwhelmed by the large amount of minute detail. However, Zabel never strays too far from the big picture and resists the allure of facile answers: “At my core, I am reductionist—I want to find the simple solution, the fundamental biological problem that is depression...but depression doesn’t support that. It is hugely complex; an emergent outcome of a brain under attack.”
A meticulous and thoughtful scientific exploration.Pub Date: Feb. 1, 2021
ISBN: 978-1-73584-540-1
Page Count: 432
Publisher: Sarah Zabel Enterprises, LLC
Review Posted Online: March 17, 2021
Review Program: Kirkus Indie
A virtuoso performance and an ode to an undervalued medium created by two talented artists.
The veteran actor, comedian, and banjo player teams up with the acclaimed illustrator to create a unique book of cartoons that communicates their personalities.
Martin, also a prolific author, has always been intrigued by the cartoons strewn throughout the pages of the New Yorker. So when he was presented with the opportunity to work with Bliss, who has been a staff cartoonist at the magazine since 1997, he seized the moment. “The idea of a one-panel image with or without a caption mystified me,” he writes. “I felt like, yeah, sometimes I’m funny, but there are these other weird freaks who are actually funny.” Once the duo agreed to work together, they established their creative process, which consisted of working forward and backward: “Forwards was me conceiving of several cartoon images and captions, and Harry would select his favorites; backwards was Harry sending me sketched or fully drawn cartoons for dialogue or banners.” Sometimes, he writes, “the perfect joke occurs two seconds before deadline.” There are several cartoons depicting this method, including a humorous multipanel piece highlighting their first meeting called “They Meet,” in which Martin thinks to himself, “He’ll never be able to translate my delicate and finely honed droll notions.” In the next panel, Bliss thinks, “I’m sure he won’t understand that the comic art form is way more subtle than his blunt-force humor.” The team collaborated for a year and created 150 cartoons featuring an array of topics, “from dogs and cats to outer space and art museums.” A witty creation of a bovine family sitting down to a gourmet meal and one of Dumbo getting his comeuppance highlight the duo’s comedic talent. What also makes this project successful is the team’s keen understanding of human behavior as viewed through their unconventional comedic minds.
A virtuoso performance and an ode to an undervalued medium created by two talented artists.Pub Date: Nov. 17, 2020
ISBN: 978-1-250-26289-9
Page Count: 272
Publisher: Celadon Books
Review Posted Online: Aug. 30, 2020
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2020
PERSPECTIVES
Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our...
A psychologist and Nobel Prize winner summarizes and synthesizes the recent decades of research on intuition and systematic thinking.
The author of several scholarly texts, Kahneman (Emeritus Psychology and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.) now offers general readers not just the findings of psychological research but also a better understanding of how research questions arise and how scholars systematically frame and answer them. He begins with the distinction between System 1 and System 2 mental operations, the former referring to quick, automatic thought, the latter to more effortful, overt thinking. We rely heavily, writes, on System 1, resorting to the higher-energy System 2 only when we need or want to. Kahneman continually refers to System 2 as “lazy”: We don’t want to think rigorously about something. The author then explores the nuances of our two-system minds, showing how they perform in various situations. Psychological experiments have repeatedly revealed that our intuitions are generally wrong, that our assessments are based on biases and that our System 1 hates doubt and despises ambiguity. Kahneman largely avoids jargon; when he does use some (“heuristics,” for example), he argues that such terms really ought to join our everyday vocabulary. He reviews many fundamental concepts in psychology and statistics (regression to the mean, the narrative fallacy, the optimistic bias), showing how they relate to his overall concerns about how we think and why we make the decisions that we do. Some of the later chapters (dealing with risk-taking and statistics and probabilities) are denser than others (some readers may resent such demands on System 2!), but the passages that deal with the economic and political implications of the research are gripping.
Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our minds.Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011
ISBN: 978-0-374-27563-1
Page Count: 512
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Review Posted Online: Sept. 3, 2011
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2011
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