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TO SHAPE A NEW WORLD

ESSAYS ON THE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.

This is not a quick or easy book. It will take a great deal of thought, rereading, and reflection, but it will make readers...

A collection of thought-provoking essays on the different dimensions of Martin Luther King Jr.’s thought.

Edited by Shelby (African-American Studies and Philosophy/Harvard Univ.; Dark Ghettos: Injustice, Dissent, and Reform, 2016, etc.) and Terry (African-American Studies and Social Studies/Harvard Univ.), this book demonstrates the necessity of revisiting King’s philosophy and creed of nonviolence. We have historically seen him as a personification of the most deeply rooted features of black political culture and a paragon of virtuosic oratory performance and wisdom. In these essays, readers will be struck by all those who came before him, beginning the struggle and laying the groundwork but not gaining the same limelight. These include Bayard Rustin, Glenn Smiley, and A. Philip Randolph, among many others. King agreed also with W.E.B Du Bois’ view of the race problem as an external factor of color discrimination and an internal factor of the culture of poverty. The contributors touch on a wide variety of vital topics: anger, courageous action, channeling inner rage, and achieving self-respect and the ultimate goal, a sense of dignity, only attainable with political and economic equality. Throughout his career, King sought the middle ground between hatred and acquiescence in his speeches; he was militant enough to arouse but moderate enough to keep that fervor within bounds. He adapted the nonviolence of Gandhi to his revolution, which was not geared to overthrow but to “get in.” Perhaps most importantly, this collection gives us a clear look at the mechanisms of the nonviolent approach, a different option to discrimination instead of submission or violent resistance. Some of the notable contributors include Cornel West, Martha C. Nussbaum, and Danielle Allen.

This is not a quick or easy book. It will take a great deal of thought, rereading, and reflection, but it will make readers stronger and more attuned to social issues. A good choice for any course on King and the civil rights movement.

Pub Date: Feb. 19, 2018

ISBN: 978-0-674-98075-4

Page Count: 430

Publisher: Belknap/Harvard Univ.

Review Posted Online: Nov. 20, 2017

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 15, 2017

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A PEOPLE'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES

For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.

Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979

ISBN: 0061965588

Page Count: 772

Publisher: Harper & Row

Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979

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WHEN BREATH BECOMES AIR

A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...

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A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.

Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”

A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.

Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016

ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6

Page Count: 248

Publisher: Random House

Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015

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