An evenhanded, wide-ranging contribution to the literature of civil rights.
A chronicle of the long struggle for Black civil rights in the century before the Voting Rights Act was enacted.
Distinguished historian Chafe is self-aware enough to recognize that “the struggle for freedom has been carried out primarily by Black Americans, with only occasional assistance from whites.” Whites have been allies and supporters, to be sure, but it was institutions and people within the Black community who carried most of the burden—and indeed, who evolved those institutions as instruments of struggle, whether the Black church or even street gangs. In many cases, Chafe continues in his lucid narrative, whites have become allies largely for political expediency. For example, a reluctant John F. Kennedy heeded the Civil Rights Movement because he needed Black votes, while Franklin Roosevelt enforced fair-hiring laws “only because he could not afford to face 50,000-100,000 Black protestors on the streets of Washington as he tried to mobilize support for American intervention in World War II.” Even Harry Truman, who talked a good game about civil rights, “impressed supporters…with his endorsement of FEPC [i.e., fair employment] legislation, but he did nothing to persuade recalcitrant Southern senators to vote for the bill.” Far more common than white alliance was white resistance to any advances in civil rights. As Chafe notes, when World War I ended and Black veterans returned home with the thought that they may have earned equal treatment for their service, they met a wave of lynchings committed and abetted by whites who saw their military service “as a threat to the racial status quo.” Given on-paper advances since the 1960s, Chafe concludes, one might be tempted to think that civil rights is a done deal. However—and here is an opening for true, steadfast white allies—he urges that “until economic progress goes hand in hand with equal political rights, racial discrimination will continue to be a dominant reality in America.”
An evenhanded, wide-ranging contribution to the literature of civil rights.Pub Date: Aug. 29, 2023
ISBN: 9780197616451
Page Count: 360
Publisher: Oxford Univ.
Review Posted Online: June 28, 2023
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 1, 2023
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Dogged original research and superb narrative skills come together in this gripping account of pitiless evil.
Greed, depravity, and serial murder in 1920s Oklahoma.
During that time, enrolled members of the Osage Indian nation were among the wealthiest people per capita in the world. The rich oil fields beneath their reservation brought millions of dollars into the tribe annually, distributed to tribal members holding "headrights" that could not be bought or sold but only inherited. This vast wealth attracted the attention of unscrupulous whites who found ways to divert it to themselves by marrying Osage women or by having Osage declared legally incompetent so the whites could fleece them through the administration of their estates. For some, however, these deceptive tactics were not enough, and a plague of violent death—by shooting, poison, orchestrated automobile accident, and bombing—began to decimate the Osage in what they came to call the "Reign of Terror." Corrupt and incompetent law enforcement and judicial systems ensured that the perpetrators were never found or punished until the young J. Edgar Hoover saw cracking these cases as a means of burnishing the reputation of the newly professionalized FBI. Bestselling New Yorkerstaff writer Grann (The Devil and Sherlock Holmes: Tales of Murder, Madness, and Obsession, 2010, etc.) follows Special Agent Tom White and his assistants as they track the killers of one extended Osage family through a closed local culture of greed, bigotry, and lies in pursuit of protection for the survivors and justice for the dead. But he doesn't stop there; relying almost entirely on primary and unpublished sources, the author goes on to expose a web of conspiracy and corruption that extended far wider than even the FBI ever suspected. This page-turner surges forward with the pacing of a true-crime thriller, elevated by Grann's crisp and evocative prose and enhanced by dozens of period photographs.
Dogged original research and superb narrative skills come together in this gripping account of pitiless evil.Pub Date: April 18, 2017
ISBN: 978-0-385-53424-6
Page Count: 352
Publisher: Doubleday
Review Posted Online: Feb. 1, 2017
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2017
BOOK TO SCREEN
BOOK TO SCREEN
BOOK TO SCREEN
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
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