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AND THE WEAK SUFFER WHAT THEY MUST?

EUROPE'S CRISIS AND AMERICA'S ECONOMIC FUTURE

A defensive but astute, cerebral, and engrossing polemic that conveys knowledge and authority.

The former Greek finance minister argues that the lack of political will and democratic consensus in the euro crisis portends a drift toward authoritarianism.

Having served as finance minister in 2015 during the face-off with the Eurogroup on behalf of Greece—the weakest defaulting European Union member—Varoufakis (Economic Theory/Univ. of Athens; Europe after the Minotaur: Greece and the Future of the Global Economy, 2015, etc.) reaches back into not-so-distant economic history to make a convincing case that the EU is bungling the current debt crisis, especially in regards to the weakest links in the union. The original design for a viable worldwide financial system was hammered out at Bretton Woods by the Allies in July 1944, as D-Day was just getting underway—although, the author notes, the Nazis had first envisioned a European monetary union as early as 1938. The United States pledged to bolster European currencies, a shock-absorbing system already put in place in the U.S. The deal worked until 1971’s “Nixon Shock,” whereby Washington grew exasperated with the recalcitrant Europeans and jettisoned them from the dollar zone. Thus, the Europeans were set adrift to conjure their own Bretton Woods, culminating in the euro, yet without the shock absorbers, causing massive debt default in the crisis of 2008 and prodding “Europe to turn in on itself.” How could this have happened? With scathing humor, Varoufakis portrays the dramatic characters: the deficit-phobic Bundesbank; the exquisitely efficient, autocratic French administrators in Brussels; and the earnest Americans (especially Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Geithner), who warned against “teach[ing] the Greeks a lesson.” Indeed, the lesson posited by this well-read Greek academic is the necessity of respecting the demos lest the beleaguered people “come back to strike at the foundation” of the state. The appendix is an extract from “A Modest Proposal for Resolving the Eurozone Crisis,” which the author co-wrote with Stuart Holland and J.K. Galbraith.

A defensive but astute, cerebral, and engrossing polemic that conveys knowledge and authority.

Pub Date: April 12, 2016

ISBN: 978-1-56858-504-8

Page Count: 368

Publisher: Nation Books

Review Posted Online: April 11, 2016

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WHEN BREATH BECOMES AIR

A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...

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A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.

Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”

A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.

Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016

ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6

Page Count: 248

Publisher: Random House

Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015

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1776

Thus the second most costly war in American history, whose “outcome seemed little short of a miracle.” A sterling account.

A master storyteller’s character-driven account of a storied year in the American Revolution.

Against world systems, economic determinist and other external-cause schools of historical thought, McCullough (John Adams, 2001, etc.) has an old-fashioned fondness for the great- (and not-so-great) man tradition, which may not have much explanatory power but almost always yields better-written books. McCullough opens with a courteous nod to the customary villain in the story of American independence, George III, who turns out to be a pleasant and artistically inclined fellow who relied on poor advice; his Westmoreland, for instance, was a British general named Grant who boasted that with 5,000 soldiers he “could march from one end of the American continent to the other.” Other British officers agitated for peace, even as George wondered why Americans would not understand that to be a British subject was to be free by definition. Against these men stood arrayed a rebel army that was, at the least, unimpressive; McCullough observes that New Englanders, for instance, considered washing clothes to be women’s work and so wore filthy clothes until they rotted, with the result that Burgoyne and company had a point in thinking the Continentals a bunch of ragamuffins. The Americans’ military fortunes were none too good for much of 1776, the year of the Declaration; at the slowly unfolding battle for control over New York, George Washington was moved to despair at the sight of sometimes drunk soldiers running from the enemy and of their officers “who, instead of attending to their duty, had stood gazing like bumpkins” at the spectacle. For a man such as Washington, to be a laughingstock was the supreme insult, but the British were driven by other motives than to irritate the general—not least of them reluctance to give up a rich, fertile and beautiful land that, McCullough notes, was providing the world’s highest standard of living in 1776.

Thus the second most costly war in American history, whose “outcome seemed little short of a miracle.” A sterling account.

Pub Date: June 1, 2005

ISBN: 0-7432-2671-2

Page Count: 656

Publisher: Simon & Schuster

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: April 1, 2005

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