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AMERICAN ICON

ALAN MULALLY AND THE FIGHT TO SAVE FORD MOTOR COMPANY

A valentine, yes, but a thoroughly deserved one for Mulally and Ford.

Detroit News journalist’s in-the-room account of the resurrection of America’s most storied car company.

In 2006, Bill Ford Jr., the founder’s great-grandson, put aside the very real possibility of merger, even bankruptcy, and resolved instead to replace himself as CEO to try to save Ford Motor Company. He turned to a Detroit outsider, Alan Mulally, credited already with the post-9/11 resuscitation of Boeing and lured to Ford by the prospect of saving an “American and global icon.” How Mulally engineered Ford’s historic turnaround, transforming it into the world’s most profitable car company by 2011, will, no doubt, become the stuff of business-school case studies. Hoffman’s account will likely serve as the central text, but this is no dry classroom tome. As his paper’s Ford beat reporter, Hoffman covered the automaker’s unfolding story, conducting hundreds of interviews with major players and knowledgeable observers and then hundreds more to prepare this book. He opens with a quick and dirty history of the company and moves swiftly to Bill Ford’s courting of Mulally and the challenges facing the new CEO. Mulally immediately changed the company’s hidebound culture, insisting on teamwork, developing a recovery plan and working that plan relentlessly, surveying the entire business weekly to measure progress. By winning over the Ford family, the country’s “last great industrial dynasty,” by securing a crucial loan just prior to the credit crisis, reducing the number of brands, matching production to customer demand, investing in advanced technologies, improving fuel efficiency, reaching a groundbreaking agreement with the UAW to reduce labor costs, fending off corporate raiders, and convincing the public to buy what Ford was selling—a task made easier by the company’s well-publicized refusal to accept the government bailout GM and Chrysler required to survive—Mulally triumphed. With colorful anecdotes, sharp character sketches, telling details and a firm understanding of the industry, Hoffman fleshes out every aspect of this tale, reminding us of the hard work, tension and high-stakes drama that preceded the successful result.

A valentine, yes, but a thoroughly deserved one for Mulally and Ford.

Pub Date: March 13, 2012

ISBN: 978-0-307-88605-7

Page Count: 432

Publisher: Crown Business

Review Posted Online: Feb. 24, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2012

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THINKING, FAST AND SLOW

Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our...

A psychologist and Nobel Prize winner summarizes and synthesizes the recent decades of research on intuition and systematic thinking.

The author of several scholarly texts, Kahneman (Emeritus Psychology and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.) now offers general readers not just the findings of psychological research but also a better understanding of how research questions arise and how scholars systematically frame and answer them. He begins with the distinction between System 1 and System 2 mental operations, the former referring to quick, automatic thought, the latter to more effortful, overt thinking. We rely heavily, writes, on System 1, resorting to the higher-energy System 2 only when we need or want to. Kahneman continually refers to System 2 as “lazy”: We don’t want to think rigorously about something. The author then explores the nuances of our two-system minds, showing how they perform in various situations. Psychological experiments have repeatedly revealed that our intuitions are generally wrong, that our assessments are based on biases and that our System 1 hates doubt and despises ambiguity. Kahneman largely avoids jargon; when he does use some (“heuristics,” for example), he argues that such terms really ought to join our everyday vocabulary. He reviews many fundamental concepts in psychology and statistics (regression to the mean, the narrative fallacy, the optimistic bias), showing how they relate to his overall concerns about how we think and why we make the decisions that we do. Some of the later chapters (dealing with risk-taking and statistics and probabilities) are denser than others (some readers may resent such demands on System 2!), but the passages that deal with the economic and political implications of the research are gripping.

Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our minds.

Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011

ISBN: 978-0-374-27563-1

Page Count: 512

Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux

Review Posted Online: Sept. 3, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2011

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THE CULTURE MAP

BREAKING THROUGH THE INVISIBLE BOUNDARIES OF GLOBAL BUSINESS

These are not hard and fast rules, but Meyer delivers important reading for those engaged in international business.

A helpful guide to working effectively with people from other cultures.

“The sad truth is that the vast majority of managers who conduct business internationally have little understanding about how culture is impacting their work,” writes Meyer, a professor at INSEAD, an international business school. Yet they face a wider array of work styles than ever before in dealing with clients, suppliers and colleagues from around the world. When is it best to speak or stay quiet? What is the role of the leader in the room? When working with foreign business people, failing to take cultural differences into account can lead to frustration, misunderstanding or worse. Based on research and her experiences teaching cross-cultural behaviors to executive students, the author examines a handful of key areas. Among others, they include communicating (Anglo-Saxons are explicit; Asians communicate implicitly, requiring listeners to read between the lines), developing a sense of trust (Brazilians do it over long lunches), and decision-making (Germans rely on consensus, Americans on one decider). In each area, the author provides a “culture map scale” that positions behaviors in more than 20 countries along a continuum, allowing readers to anticipate the preferences of individuals from a particular country: Do they like direct or indirect negative feedback? Are they rigid or flexible regarding deadlines? Do they favor verbal or written commitments? And so on. Meyer discusses managers who have faced perplexing situations, such as knowledgeable team members who fail to speak up in meetings or Indians who offer a puzzling half-shake, half-nod of the head. Cultural differences—not personality quirks—are the motivating factors behind many behavioral styles. Depending on our cultures, we understand the world in a particular way, find certain arguments persuasive or lacking merit, and consider some ways of making decisions or measuring time natural and others quite strange.

These are not hard and fast rules, but Meyer delivers important reading for those engaged in international business.

Pub Date: May 27, 2014

ISBN: 978-1-61039-250-1

Page Count: 288

Publisher: PublicAffairs

Review Posted Online: April 15, 2014

Kirkus Reviews Issue: May 1, 2014

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