Contrarian and pointedly provocative, with arguments worth discussion on campus and beyond.
A Black writer and social critic questions America’s fixation on questions of race.
“I am what you would call half-black, half-Hispanic,” Hughes writes, considering just what such terms mean; Barack Obama, he observes, was of mixed African and European ancestry, but he was considered Black. “But why?” he asks. “The answer, it seems, is that American culture still observes the old ‘one-drop-rule’—whereby anyone with one drop of ‘black blood’ is considered fully black.” Our present set of racial categories is impossibly arbitrary, Hughes argues, noting the case of a young woman who, though from a historically impoverished community, was denied entry to Harvard because she was Asian, a category considered to be overrepresented at the school. Harvard has a Black population of about 14%, not far from the share of the general population, but that specific cohort is not “descended from American slaves but from post-1965 African or Caribbean immigrants.” All of these factors flow into what Hughes calls “neoracism,” against which he argues for colorblindness that bypasses the social constructs of racial categorization. Recognizing inequities, the author advocates not for general reparations but for specific restitution for those still alive who were directly harmed by Jim Crow segregation; this works around “the neoracist pretense of undoing past wrongs [that] reflects a desire for something like what Thomas Sowell calls ‘cosmic justice.’” Hughes’ citing Sowell might cause some critics to brand him a conservative, but the author’s politics are refreshingly hard to pin down. He rejects white supremacy and disputes ethnic generalizations while vigorously opposing affirmative action, which “provide[s] institutions like Harvard with a pretense of social concern” that frees them from actually having to do anything about social injustice.
Contrarian and pointedly provocative, with arguments worth discussion on campus and beyond.Pub Date: Feb. 6, 2024
ISBN: 9780593332450
Page Count: 256
Publisher: Thesis/Penguin
Review Posted Online: Dec. 15, 2023
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2024
Cogent, well-timed ideas for meeting today’s biggest challenges.
Helping liberals get out of their own way.
Klein, a New York Times columnist, and Thompson, an Atlantic staffer, lean to the left, but they aren’t interrogating the usual suspects. Aware that many conservatives have no interest in their opinions, the authors target their own side’s “pathologies.” Why do red states greenlight the kind of renewable energy projects that often languish in blue states? Why does liberal California have the nation’s most severe homelessness and housing affordability crises? One big reason: Liberal leadership has ensnared itself in a web of well-intentioned yet often onerous “goals, standards, and rules.” This “procedural kludge,” partially shaped by lawyers who pioneered a “democracy by lawsuit” strategy in the 1960s, threatens to stymie key breakthroughs. Consider the anti-pollution laws passed after World War II. In the decades since, homeowners’ groups in liberal locales have cited such statutes in lawsuits meant to stop new affordable housing. Today, these laws “block the clean energy projects” required to tackle climate change. Nuclear energy is “inarguably safer” than the fossil fuel variety, but because Washington doesn’t always “properly weigh risk,” it almost never builds new reactors. Meanwhile, technologies that may cure disease or slash the carbon footprint of cement production benefit from government support, but too often the grant process “rewards caution and punishes outsider thinking.” The authors call this style of governing “everything-bagel liberalism,” so named because of its many government mandates. Instead, they envision “a politics of abundance” that would remake travel, work, and health. This won’t happen without “changing the processes that make building and inventing so hard.” It’s time, then, to scrutinize everything from municipal zoning regulations to the paperwork requirements for scientists getting federal funding. The authors’ debut as a duo is very smart and eminently useful.
Cogent, well-timed ideas for meeting today’s biggest challenges.Pub Date: March 18, 2025
ISBN: 9781668023488
Page Count: 320
Publisher: Avid Reader Press
Review Posted Online: Jan. 16, 2025
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2025
BOOK REVIEW
PERSPECTIVES
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
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