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THE FACEBOOK EFFECT

THE INSIDE STORY OF THE COMPANY THAT IS CONNECTING THE WORLD

Comprehensive but one-sided and surprisingly bland.

Fortune senior editor for Internet and technology Kirkpatrick delivers a data-heavy, analysis-light biography of the Internet’s second-most-visited site.

Facebook grew from 10,000 users in early 2004 to 350 million users as of January 2010, essentially redefining social networking in the process. Considering that founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook as a sophomore in college, the author’s awestruck tone is forgivable, though eventually exhausting. How Facebook managed such a meteoric rise while (so far) avoiding the Friendster effect is Kirkpatrick’s central subject. The author chronicles the defining events that made Facebook what it is today—its portentous tussles over privacy with its birthplace, Harvard; the sustained exponential growth of Facebook’s user base; the adolescent growing pains of its office culture; the personal clashes among its founders and executives; its massive, unprecedented financial valuation and subsequent courting by investors like the Washington Post Company, Accel and Microsoft. Kirkpatrick makes it abundantly clear that Facebook owes its success primarily to Zuckerberg, and the author devotes nearly equal attention to illuminating Zuckerberg’s (in)famous reticence and surprisingly shrewd business sense as he does to charting the rise of his brainchild. Disappointingly, the author sidesteps sociological analyses of how Facebook influences its users. Though Facebook owes its existence to Zuckerberg’s tenacity, prescience, intelligence and apparent commitment—typically at the expense of short-term profit—to building nothing less than a new mode of communication, far more interesting would’ve been deeper examinations of Zuckerberg’s new mode of communication as it shapes our societies, governance and our personal identities. In the introduction, Kirkpatrick promises to explore these questions, but readers hungry for a meaty cultural critique may feel cheated by what is essentially a lengthy corporate biography.

Comprehensive but one-sided and surprisingly bland.

Pub Date: June 15, 2010

ISBN: 978-1-4391-0211-4

Page Count: 384

Publisher: Simon & Schuster

Review Posted Online: June 3, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: June 1, 2010

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GOOD ECONOMICS FOR HARD TIMES

Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.

“Quality of life means more than just consumption”: Two MIT economists urge that a smarter, more politically aware economics be brought to bear on social issues.

It’s no secret, write Banerjee and Duflo (co-authors: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way To Fight Global Poverty, 2011), that “we seem to have fallen on hard times.” Immigration, trade, inequality, and taxation problems present themselves daily, and they seem to be intractable. Economics can be put to use in figuring out these big-issue questions. Data can be adduced, for example, to answer the question of whether immigration tends to suppress wages. The answer: “There is no evidence low-skilled migration to rich countries drives wage and employment down for the natives.” In fact, it opens up opportunities for those natives by freeing them to look for better work. The problem becomes thornier when it comes to the matter of free trade; as the authors observe, “left-behind people live in left-behind places,” which explains why regional poverty descended on Appalachia when so many manufacturing jobs left for China in the age of globalism, leaving behind not just left-behind people but also people ripe for exploitation by nationalist politicians. The authors add, interestingly, that the same thing occurred in parts of Germany, Spain, and Norway that fell victim to the “China shock.” In what they call a “slightly technical aside,” they build a case for addressing trade issues not with trade wars but with consumption taxes: “It makes no sense to ask agricultural workers to lose their jobs just so steelworkers can keep theirs, which is what tariffs accomplish.” Policymakers might want to consider such counsel, especially when it is coupled with the observation that free trade benefits workers in poor countries but punishes workers in rich ones.

Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.

Pub Date: Nov. 12, 2019

ISBN: 978-1-61039-950-0

Page Count: 432

Publisher: PublicAffairs

Review Posted Online: Aug. 28, 2019

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2019

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HOW DEMOCRACIES DIE

The value of this book is the context it provides, in a style aimed at a concerned citizenry rather than fellow academics,...

A provocative analysis of the parallels between Donald Trump’s ascent and the fall of other democracies.

Following the last presidential election, Levitsky (Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America, 2003, etc.) and Ziblatt (Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy, 2017, etc.), both professors of government at Harvard, wrote an op-ed column titled, “Is Donald Trump a Threat to Democracy?” The answer here is a resounding yes, though, as in that column, the authors underscore their belief that the crisis extends well beyond the power won by an outsider whom they consider a demagogue and a liar. “Donald Trump may have accelerated the process, but he didn’t cause it,” they write of the politics-as-warfare mentality. “The weakening of our democratic norms is rooted in extreme partisan polarization—one that extends beyond policy differences into an existential conflict over race and culture.” The authors fault the Republican establishment for failing to stand up to Trump, even if that meant electing his opponent, and they seem almost wistfully nostalgic for the days when power brokers in smoke-filled rooms kept candidacies restricted to a club whose members knew how to play by the rules. Those supporting the candidacy of Bernie Sanders might take as much issue with their prescriptions as Trump followers will. However, the comparisons they draw to how democratic populism paved the way toward tyranny in Peru, Venezuela, Chile, and elsewhere are chilling. Among the warning signs they highlight are the Republican Senate’s refusal to consider Barack Obama’s Supreme Court nominee as well as Trump’s demonization of political opponents, minorities, and the media. As disturbing as they find the dismantling of Democratic safeguards, Levitsky and Ziblatt suggest that “a broad opposition coalition would have important benefits,” though such a coalition would strike some as a move to the center, a return to politics as usual, and even a pragmatic betrayal of principles.

The value of this book is the context it provides, in a style aimed at a concerned citizenry rather than fellow academics, rather than in the consensus it is not likely to build.

Pub Date: Jan. 16, 2018

ISBN: 978-1-5247-6293-3

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Crown

Review Posted Online: Nov. 12, 2017

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 1, 2017

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