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THE BATTLE FOR CHRISTENDOM

THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE AND THE DAWN OF MODERN EUROPE

Welsh does not always pick up the many threads of this complex narrative, but he does a good job of showing how the...

A well-intended but not entirely successful overview of one of Europe’s most turbulent eras, defined by religious schism and the advent of an Islamic enemy.

Historian Welsh (Australia: A New History of the Great Southern Land, 2006, etc.) faces an immediate challenge in attempting to distill a century and a half of late-medieval events into his short study. The device by which he does so is the Council of Constance, convened in 1414, which over the next four years hammered out an agreement on papal succession—no small thing in a time when, owing to schisms and previous councils, three popes were competing to be declared the bishop of Rome. At the same time, the council moved against the Bohemian reformer Jan Hus, burned at the stake at the council’s pleasure in 1415. That act led to decades of civil war and the rise of Protestantism, which was far from its intended effect. In the end, another of the council’s long-debated decisions changed the rules by which popes were elected, with another unintended consequence: “Given the split between the parties it was impossible for an English, German or French pope to be elected, and an Italian was almost the inevitable choice.” Italian popes would rule henceforth, while at the fringes of Europe the Ottoman Empire revealed its expansionist nature, bringing on another great crisis in Christianity. Its upshot was that the Latin pope had a chance to reconcile the Eastern and Western churches but failed to come to the aid of Byzantium, which fell to the Muslim armies and marked “the decline of the Roman papacy as an international power.”

Welsh does not always pick up the many threads of this complex narrative, but he does a good job of showing how the religious and political rivalries of old anticipated later crises in world history.

Pub Date: Sept. 1, 2008

ISBN: 978-1-59020-123-7

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Overlook

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: July 1, 2008

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THREE WOMEN

Dramatic, immersive, and wanting—much like desire itself.

Based on eight years of reporting and thousands of hours of interaction, a journalist chronicles the inner worlds of three women’s erotic desires.

In her dramatic debut about “what longing in America looks like,” Taddeo, who has contributed to Esquire, Elle, and other publications, follows the sex lives of three American women. On the surface, each woman’s story could be a soap opera. There’s Maggie, a teenager engaged in a secret relationship with her high school teacher; Lina, a housewife consumed by a torrid affair with an old flame; and Sloane, a wealthy restaurateur encouraged by her husband to sleep with other people while he watches. Instead of sensationalizing, the author illuminates Maggie’s, Lina’s, and Sloane’s erotic experiences in the context of their human complexities and personal histories, revealing deeper wounds and emotional yearnings. Lina’s infidelity was driven by a decade of her husband’s romantic and sexual refusal despite marriage counseling and Lina's pleading. Sloane’s Fifty Shades of Grey–like lifestyle seems far less exotic when readers learn that she has felt pressured to perform for her husband's pleasure. Taddeo’s coverage is at its most nuanced when she chronicles Maggie’s decision to go to the authorities a few years after her traumatic tryst. Recounting the subsequent trial against Maggie’s abuser, the author honors the triumph of Maggie’s courageous vulnerability as well as the devastating ramifications of her community’s disbelief. Unfortunately, this book on “female desire” conspicuously omits any meaningful discussion of social identities beyond gender and class; only in the epilogue does Taddeo mention race and its impacts on women's experiences with sex and longing. Such oversight brings a palpable white gaze to the narrative. Compounded by the author’s occasionally lackluster prose, the book’s flaws compete with its meaningful contribution to #MeToo–era reporting.

Dramatic, immersive, and wanting—much like desire itself.

Pub Date: July 9, 2019

ISBN: 978-1-4516-4229-2

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Avid Reader Press

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2019

Kirkus Reviews Issue: June 15, 2019

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THE SECRET HISTORY OF THE WORLD

AS LAID DOWN BY THE SECRET SOCIETIES

As pretentious as it is outlandish, but at least authentically mind-boggling.

An encyclopedic, lavishly illustrated attempt to discern an alternative-belief system in the broad diversity of ancient paganism and mystical offshoots of the major faiths.

“Christianity contains a hidden tradition of the gods of the stars and planets,” proclaims British publishing executive Booth. While much of this tradition, including biblical allegories, has been denigrated by Mother Church, it has hardly been hidden. The author’s mystical guardian institutions include the Christian-associated Freemasons and Rosicrucians, which both arose at the outset of the 18th century from earlier origins; Cabalism on the Hebrew side; and Sufism from Islam. Much of the problem with this roughly chronological narrative is its hazy documentation: Readers must be content with “a friend of mine” or “an initiate I met” as substantiating sources. Likewise, we must accept Booth’s own innate ability to peer into antiquity and presume the influence of “mystery schools” on such figures as Plato. He seamlessly moves from reportage to proselytizing, presenting for instance a precise date in the 12th millennium BCE as the moment when matter reached its final solidified state in the progression of existence from pure thought (preceding matter itself) through a “human vegetable” state to the present form. Tracing this progression, Booth cites all kinds of permutations, fairy tales and familiar hippie spiritualist icons along the way. Humankind loses its third eye, can no longer directly interact with spirits and deities, must be content with the stifling restrictions of the scientific method to comprehend creation, etc. One culminating highlight: George Washington, a known Freemason, decrees that the capital city be laid out to reflect the geometry of the constellation Virgo, thus inviting “the mother goddess” to participate in determining the future of the United States. Somebody should tell President Bush to please get in touch.

As pretentious as it is outlandish, but at least authentically mind-boggling.

Pub Date: Jan. 15, 2008

ISBN: 978-1-59020-031-5

Page Count: 448

Publisher: Overlook

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2007

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