A thoughtful examination of American religious freedom from a US circuit court judge and retired law professor (Univ. of Calif., Berkeley). Much has been written about America’s unique guarantee of religious freedom, but few works have situated this privilege so carefully in American history, social theory, and international relations. Noonan also writes well, avoiding the —legalese— which has marred other discussions of religious freedom. The book is grounded in case studies, which helps the abstract legal issues to remain firmly rooted for the reader. Part one traces the history of religious freedom in America, from colonial times through the early national period. Noonan should be applauded for rehabilitating James Madison, whose contributions to religious freedom have been generally passed over in favor of his more flamboyant fellow Virginian, Thomas Jefferson. This section also includes a lengthy chapter from AngÇlique de Tocqueville, —the keen-eyed younger sister of the famous Alexis,— who traveled through America in the 1830s and was particularly interested in the vitality of American religion. Part two is more philosophical than historical, examining the often uneasy relationship between religion and the state through various court cases (Noonan quite cleverly casts this as a debate between Bunyan-inspired characters, calling the evolution of religious freedom in America —The Pilgrim’s Process—). Part three traces the influence that American religious freedom has exercised in France, Japan, Russia, and Noonan’s own Catholic Church. While Noonan tries to present a balanced story, one flaw of this book is his tendency to perceive religion solely within the patterns of the Judeo-Christian trajectory. Such a bias is evident from the opening pages when he defines religion as —a relationship to God,— passing over important religions like Buddhism which posit no belief in a deity. Noonan does try to broaden his canvas, including Native Americans— challenges to the courts at a few key points. Overall, his work stands out as exemplary in its grasp of complex historical and social issues. (12 b&w illustrations and 1 line drawing, not seen)
Pub Date: June 1, 1998
ISBN: 0-520-20997-4
Page Count: 430
Publisher: Univ. of California
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: April 15, 1998
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...
A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.
Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016
ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6
Page Count: 248
Publisher: Random House
Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015
PERSPECTIVES
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
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