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AFTER THE DARKEST HOUR

HOW SUFFERING BEGINS THE JOURNEY TO WISDOM

Sure to become a classic treatment of suffering.

Psychologist Brehony (Ordinary Grace, 1999, etc.) turns her attention to suffering, grief, and wisdom.

Meet Deborah Cook, a 40-something mother of two. Cook's quiet, happy life was turned upside down when she learned that she had breast cancer and that her ten-year-old daughter had leukemia. But having cancer, says Deborah (now on the mend), was the "beginning, not the end, of life." She claims that she's learned tremendous lessons through her illness, and she talks about her luck and her blessedness rather than her misfortune: even the clover in her yard now seems like a miraculous gift, for example, and not merely an annoying weed. Sufferers, according to Brehony, can (like Deborah Cook) be alchemists, turning lead into gold and making the best of a terrible situation—but there are some concrete steps one must take. First, one must overcome certain habits (such as a resistance to change) that will only serve to increase pain during a trauma. Brehony urges those suffering from illness or some other tragedy to try to find a larger perspective—go to church, she says, make a family tree, read Anne Frank, or join an astronomy club. And be compassionate: read stories to kids in a hospital or make soup for the local soup kitchen—above all, pay more attention to other people's suffering than to your own. Hopping on the pop Buddhism bandwagon, the author also suggests that sufferers should cultivate "mindfulness." Meditate for five minutes a day, read up on Buddhist meditation (she recommends Thich Nhat Hanh and Jack Kornfield), and take a yoga class so you can learn the basics and find a community in one fell swoop. Don't forget to maintain your sense of humor, express your feelings, and count your blessings. These practical tips, found in the second part of the book, offer a nice counterpoint to the more journalistic explorations of suffering and sufferers in the first half.

Sure to become a classic treatment of suffering.

Pub Date: Sept. 11, 2000

ISBN: 0-8050-6435-4

Page Count: 269

Publisher: Henry Holt

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: July 1, 2000

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THINKING, FAST AND SLOW

Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our...

A psychologist and Nobel Prize winner summarizes and synthesizes the recent decades of research on intuition and systematic thinking.

The author of several scholarly texts, Kahneman (Emeritus Psychology and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.) now offers general readers not just the findings of psychological research but also a better understanding of how research questions arise and how scholars systematically frame and answer them. He begins with the distinction between System 1 and System 2 mental operations, the former referring to quick, automatic thought, the latter to more effortful, overt thinking. We rely heavily, writes, on System 1, resorting to the higher-energy System 2 only when we need or want to. Kahneman continually refers to System 2 as “lazy”: We don’t want to think rigorously about something. The author then explores the nuances of our two-system minds, showing how they perform in various situations. Psychological experiments have repeatedly revealed that our intuitions are generally wrong, that our assessments are based on biases and that our System 1 hates doubt and despises ambiguity. Kahneman largely avoids jargon; when he does use some (“heuristics,” for example), he argues that such terms really ought to join our everyday vocabulary. He reviews many fundamental concepts in psychology and statistics (regression to the mean, the narrative fallacy, the optimistic bias), showing how they relate to his overall concerns about how we think and why we make the decisions that we do. Some of the later chapters (dealing with risk-taking and statistics and probabilities) are denser than others (some readers may resent such demands on System 2!), but the passages that deal with the economic and political implications of the research are gripping.

Striking research showing the immense complexity of ordinary thought and revealing the identities of the gatekeepers in our minds.

Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011

ISBN: 978-0-374-27563-1

Page Count: 512

Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux

Review Posted Online: Sept. 3, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2011

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MASTERY

Readers unfamiliar with the anecdotal material Greene presents may find interesting avenues to pursue, but they should...

Greene (The 33 Strategies of War, 2007, etc.) believes that genius can be learned if we pay attention and reject social conformity.

The author suggests that our emergence as a species with stereoscopic, frontal vision and sophisticated hand-eye coordination gave us an advantage over earlier humans and primates because it allowed us to contemplate a situation and ponder alternatives for action. This, along with the advantages conferred by mirror neurons, which allow us to intuit what others may be thinking, contributed to our ability to learn, pass on inventions to future generations and improve our problem-solving ability. Throughout most of human history, we were hunter-gatherers, and our brains are engineered accordingly. The author has a jaundiced view of our modern technological society, which, he writes, encourages quick, rash judgments. We fail to spend the time needed to develop thorough mastery of a subject. Greene writes that every human is “born unique,” with specific potential that we can develop if we listen to our inner voice. He offers many interesting but tendentious examples to illustrate his theory, including Einstein, Darwin, Mozart and Temple Grandin. In the case of Darwin, Greene ignores the formative intellectual influences that shaped his thought, including the discovery of geological evolution with which he was familiar before his famous voyage. The author uses Grandin's struggle to overcome autistic social handicaps as a model for the necessity for everyone to create a deceptive social mask.

Readers unfamiliar with the anecdotal material Greene presents may find interesting avenues to pursue, but they should beware of the author's quirky, sometimes misleading brush-stroke characterizations.

Pub Date: Nov. 13, 2012

ISBN: 978-0-670-02496-4

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Viking

Review Posted Online: Sept. 12, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 1, 2012

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