by Mark Washofsky ‧ RELEASE DATE: March 1, 2024
A substantial but accessible guide to reading and applying Reform responsa.
Washofsky helps curious Reform Jews navigate religious law in this critical work.
Where religious law and modern life meet, there are always questions. In a religious tradition as concerned with ethics as Reform Judaism, the number of questions is especially vast. With this volume, the author, a rabbi and emeritus professor of Jewish law and practice, attempts to address some of these questions by placing them within the context of Reform Jewish thought. “Responsa,” he writes in his introduction, refers to the practice in ancient Rome “in which judges and litigants sent difficult questions of law to legal experts who would respond in writing with learned opinions. We use the word today to describe a similar genre in Jewish law, the sh’eilot ut’shuvot, ‘questions and answers.’” Despite the Reform Jewish belief in personal religious autonomy—the freedom (within limits) of each person to make their own religious decisions—guidelines remain useful for those curious about how their personal religious choices fit within the Jewish tradition. This book includes responsa on several potentially controversial areas of modern Jewish life, from issues of medical privacy and labor unions to the appropriateness of cremation, secular holidays, and the flying of national flags at synagogues. Washofsky not only presents relevant responsa but offers critical readings of them, offering a practical demonstration of how to interpret and sometimes reject the claims made on the religious doctrine in question. His prose is deft and analytical without being abstruse, as seen here when the author considers a responsa that claims Jewish law supports the right of workers to organize unions: “We should greet a sweeping statement like this with attention and, perhaps, a degree of skepticism. Do the sources in fact support it? The concept of a ‘labor union’ is not found in the Talmud, the ultimate proof text for all halachic argument.” Those curious about the tradition of responsa in the Reform tradition, or merely about the intersection of Jewish law and modern life, will find much here of interest.
A substantial but accessible guide to reading and applying Reform responsa.Pub Date: March 1, 2024
ISBN: 9780881236439
Page Count: 288
Publisher: CCAR Press
Review Posted Online: March 7, 2024
Review Program: Kirkus Indie
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by Howard Zinn ‧ RELEASE DATE: Jan. 1, 1979
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
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by Nicole Avant ‧ RELEASE DATE: Oct. 17, 2023
Some of Avant’s mantras are overstated, but her book is magnanimous, inspiring, and relentlessly optimistic.
Memories and life lessons inspired by the author’s mother, who was murdered in 2021.
“Neither my mother nor I knew that her last text to me would be the words ‘Think you’ll be happy,’ ” Avant writes, "but it is fitting that she left me with a mantra for resiliency.” The author, a filmmaker and former U.S. Ambassador to the Bahamas, begins her first book on the night she learned her mother, Jacqueline Avant, had been fatally shot during a home invasion. “One of my first thoughts,” she writes, “was, ‘Oh God, please don’t let me hate this man. Give me the strength not to hate him.’ ” Daughter of Clarence Avant, known as the “Black Godfather” due to his work as a pioneering music executive, the author describes growing up “in a house that had a revolving door of famous people,” from Ella Fitzgerald to Muhammad Ali. “I don’t take for granted anything I have achieved in my life as a Black American woman,” writes Avant. “And I recognize my unique upbringing…..I was taught to honor our past and pay forward our fruits.” The book, which is occasionally repetitive, includes tributes to her mother from figures like Oprah Winfrey and Bill Clinton, but the narrative core is the author’s direct, faith-based, unwaveringly positive messages to readers—e.g., “I don’t want to carry the sadness and anger I have toward the man who did this to my mother…so I’m worshiping God amid the worst storm imaginable”; "Success and feeling good are contagious. I’m all about positive contagious vibrations!” Avant frequently quotes Bible verses, and the bulk of the text reflects the spirit of her daily prayer “that everything is in divine order.” Imploring readers to practice proactive behavior, she writes, “We have to always find the blessing, to be the blessing.”
Some of Avant’s mantras are overstated, but her book is magnanimous, inspiring, and relentlessly optimistic.Pub Date: Oct. 17, 2023
ISBN: 9780063304413
Page Count: 288
Publisher: HarperOne
Review Posted Online: Aug. 17, 2023
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2023
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