A fascinating, nonpartisan view into the world of executioners, their methods, and the thoughts of their victims. Not since Michael Lesy's The Forbidden Zone (1987) has an author looked at execution so directly. Trombley, an Englishman, travels the American nether world with fresh and appreciative eyes. His first stop is with Fred Leuchter, inventor of the lethal-injection machine and the improved electric chair, and author of the authoritative modern text on hanging. Leuchter, whose motto is ``capital punishment, not capital torture,'' is driven to distraction by botched executions, such as incompetent electrocutions that cause intense pain and cook a man's flesh on his bones. Trombley then travels to Missouri to view a gas chamber, a machine that Leuchter considers messy, dangerous, and difficult to operate: Most gas chambers were built in the 20's and are full of crumbling seals and rotting gaskets. In Florida, Trombley looks at the state's homemade electric chair. In 1990, he reports, the Florida executioner had to use three jolts of electricity—while smoke and three-inch-high flames spewed out of the inmate's head—in order to kill his man. Finally, in Potosi, Missouri, in a prison that houses only men under death sentence or doing life plus 50 years, Trombley meets a warden and assistant who are proud of their work, consider the inmates fellow human beings, and are expert at the use of the lethal- injection machine. There, Trombley is allowed to talk to any inmate under death sentence, including one extremely intelligent man who, during his friend's execution, ``cried in frustration to think he had trudged through the rice paddies in Vietnam...only to return to the United States and be put to death like a dog at the veterinarians being `put to sleep.' '' And evenhanded, well-written, and hard-hitting study that should be required reading for those on both sides of the death penalty debate. (Nineteen b&w illustrations—not seen.)
Pub Date: Nov. 1, 1992
ISBN: 0-517-59113-8
Page Count: 352
Publisher: Crown
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 1, 1992
A cosmic straw man is vanquished in the fight against dangerous ideals such as social justice and equality. This is not the place to look for original ideas or honest analysis. Presumably, Sowell’s (Migrations and Cultures, 1996, etc.) goal is to entertain those who share his convictions rather than convince open-minded readers, and this audience will be pleased. “Cosmic justice” is presented as a fundamental departure from the “traditional” conception of justice, which Sowell claims has the “characteristic of a process,” rather than of a particular outcome. He conveniently forgets to mention that this “tradition” dates back only to the emergence of liberal-democratic states and that contrasting notions of procedural vs. substantive justice remain the subject of lively debate. Admitting legitimate disagreement over even something as slippery as justice would soften the blows he aims at those who think inequality and any associated oppression raises concerns a just society should address, and Sowell is not one to temper a political argument simply to maintain intellectual integrity. He is not straightforwardly defending inequality, of course, but rather is pursuing the familiar strategy of attacking measures that could alleviate it. Sowell, a fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford, boldly asserts that those who believe equality should be pursued through public policy “assume that politicizing inequality is free of costs and dangers.” No names are mentioned, and it is indeed hard to imagine that anyone would believe there are no costs or dangers. By stating the issue in terms of extremes, however, he ducks the real issue—the challenge of weighing costs and benefits—and avoids the need for incorporating any subtlety into his discussion. Confronted with such disingenuous blather, readers may find Sowell’s criticism of others applies well to Sowell himself: “To explain the levels of dogmatism and resistance to facts found in too many writings . . . it is necessary to explore what purposes are served by these visions.”
Pub Date: Oct. 1, 1999
ISBN: 0-684-86462-2
Page Count: 224
Publisher: Free Press
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 1999
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Not flawless, but one of the best recent analyses of the contemporary woes of American economics and politics.
Remarkably comprehensive and coherent analysis of and prescriptions for America’s contemporary economic malaise by Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Smith (Rethinking America, 1995, etc.).
“Over the past three decades,” writes the author, “we have become Two Americas.” We have arrived at a new Gilded Age, where “gross inequality of income and wealth” have become endemic. Such inequality is not simply the result of “impersonal and irresistible market forces,” but of quite deliberate corporate strategies and the public policies that enabled them. Smith sets out on a mission to trace the history of these strategies and policies, which transformed America from a roughly fair society to its current status as a plutocracy. He leaves few stones unturned. CEO culture has moved since the 1970s from a concern for the general well-being of society, including employees, to the single-minded pursuit of personal enrichment and short-term increases in stock prices. During much of the ’70s, CEO pay was roughly 40 times a worker’s pay; today that number is 367. Whether it be through outsourcing and factory closings, corporate reneging on once-promised contributions to employee health and retirement funds, the deregulation of Wall Street and the financial markets, a tax code which favors overwhelmingly the interests of corporate heads and the superrich—all of which Smith examines in fascinating detail—the American middle class has been left floundering. For its part, government has simply become an enabler and partner of the rich, as the rich have turned wealth into political influence and rigid conservative opposition has created the politics of gridlock. What, then, is to be done? Here, Smith’s brilliant analyses turn tepid, as he advocates for “a peaceful political revolution at the grassroots” to realign the priorities of government and the economy but offers only the vaguest of clues as to how this might occur.
Not flawless, but one of the best recent analyses of the contemporary woes of American economics and politics.Pub Date: Sept. 11, 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4000-6966-8
Page Count: 576
Publisher: Random House
Review Posted Online: July 16, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 1, 2012
BOOK REVIEW
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