A work of impressive clarity and scholarship.
A sage, evenhanded look at the souring of a once-promising relationship.
Makdisi (History/Rice Univ.; Artillery of Heaven: American Missionaries and the Failed Conversion of the Middle East, 2008, etc.) reaches back to the early Protestant missionary work in the Holy Land to underscore the positive, benevolent model of America to which Arabs were first exposed. The establishment of a mission in Beirut by evangelicals Pliny Fisk and Levi Parsons was one of the first American attempts to “reclaim” the biblical lands and convert the Muslim communities. Though it failed—the Americans were “culturally deaf and arrogant”—they instilled their values of education (especially for girls), anti-colonialism and altruism. With the inauguration of Syrian Protestant College in 1866—the precursor to the American University of Beirut—the idea of converting souls had gently transformed into a more secular vision of tolerance and scientific inquiry. American humanitarian efforts for Greek independence and Armenian refugees of Turkish genocide rendered the United States as a promised land, and Arab emigration to America increased, giving rise to a rich tradition of exile, or mahjar, literature. In his 14 points, Woodrow Wilson set out “an inspiring new template for the world,” which included self-determination for the remnant peoples breaking away from Ottoman rule, a vision that was later cited by Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat in his famous 1974 UN speech. So what happened? In a word, Israel. While numerous recent books delve more deeply into the Arab-Israel crisis of the modern era, Makdisi maneuvers through this minefield with a steady hand. He pinpoints a pivotal moment during the Suez Crisis, when American president Eisenhower rebuked the imperial powers and Israel for attacking Egypt, and America still held the moral card—before capitulating to Cold War and oil interests. Ultimately, the author is optimistic that relations can improve when Americans begin to shed biases about and ignorance of Arab culture and history.
A work of impressive clarity and scholarship.Pub Date: June 22, 2010
ISBN: 978-1-58648-680-8
Page Count: 432
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: Dec. 22, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: May 1, 2010
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...
A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.
Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016
ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6
Page Count: 248
Publisher: Random House
Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015
PERSPECTIVES
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
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