Perceptive but unnecessarily dense and turgid psycho- sociological examination of the intricacies of prejudice. Like intelligence, prejudice is often misunderstood to be a largely undifferentiated trait: All its guises, whether anti- Semitism, sexism, or homophobia, are seen as only minor variations on the same theme. But as biographer/psychotherapist Young-Bruehl (Creative Characters, 1991; Anna Freud, 1988; etc.) convincingly argues, each of these ``ideologies of desire'' can have a variety of significantly different psychological origins. Drawing heavily on Freud's theories on neurosis, she categorizes prejudices as either obsessional, hysterical, or narcissistic. Homophobia, then, may stem from narcissistic roots, or it may be hysterical; thus, psychological underpinnings become the true basis for any similarities between prejudices. While this approach may work on an individual level, it runs into some difficulties when applied to large groups. Despite some clever wiggles and waggles, Young-Bruehl comes perilously close to putting whole nations on the psychiatrist's couch. While her evidence throughout is admittedly unscientific, it certainly is massively deployed. Her erudition is particularly impressive as she ranges across almost everything written about prejudice in the last two centuries, from Hannah Arendt's meditations on the banality of evil to Malcolm X`s evolving conception of racism to the pernicious tsarist forgery, The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. In fact, her meandering from digression to extended aside is a little like driving down an interstate and pulling off at every exit. The only things she leaves out are the latest scientific (namely ethno-biological and socio-biological) findings. Unpleasant as it is, prejudice has its evolutionary reasons, and it seems disingenuous to try and fob it off as mere neurosis. Trimmed of its fat and obfuscations, there is a lean and challenging book here, but Young-Bruehl has so buried her argument that few readers will have the time or stamina to persevere in the necessary excavations.
Pub Date: April 1, 1996
ISBN: 0-674-03190-3
Page Count: 640
Publisher: Harvard Univ.
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 1996
BOOK REVIEW
A vivid sequel that strains credulity.
Fremont (After Long Silence, 1999) continues—and alters—her story of how memories of the Holocaust affected her family.
At the age of 44, the author learned that her father had disowned her, declaring her “predeceased”—or dead in his eyes—in his will. It was his final insult: Her parents had stopped speaking to her after she’d published After Long Silence, which exposed them as Jewish Holocaust survivors who had posed as Catholics in Europe and America in order to hide multilayered secrets. Here, Fremont delves further into her tortured family dynamics and shows how the rift developed. One thread centers on her life after her harrowing childhood: her education at Wellesley and Boston University, the loss of her virginity to a college boyfriend before accepting her lesbianism, her stint with the Peace Corps in Lesotho, and her decades of work as a lawyer in Boston. Another strand involves her fraught relationship with her sister, Lara, and how their difficulties relate to their father, a doctor embittered after years in the Siberian gulag; and their mother, deeply enmeshed with her own sister, Zosia, who had married an Italian count and stayed in Rome to raise a child. Fremont tells these stories with novelistic flair, ending with a surprising theory about why her parents hid their Judaism. Yet she often appears insensitive to the serious problems she says Lara once faced, including suicidal depression. “The whole point of suicide, I thought, was to succeed at it,” she writes. “My sister’s completion rate was pathetic.” Key facts also differ from those in her earlier work. After Long Silence says, for example, that the author grew up “in a small city in the Midwest” while she writes here that she grew up in “upstate New York,” changes Fremont says she made for “consistency” in the new book but that muddy its narrative waters. The discrepancies may not bother readers seeking psychological insights rather than factual accuracy, but others will wonder if this book should have been labeled a fictionalized autobiography rather than a memoir.
A vivid sequel that strains credulity.Pub Date: Feb. 11, 2020
ISBN: 978-1-982113-60-5
Page Count: 352
Publisher: Gallery Books/Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: Oct. 20, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Nov. 15, 2019
BOOK REVIEW
A straightforward tale of kindness and paying it forward in 1980s New York.
When advertising executive Schroff answered a child’s request for spare change by inviting him for lunch, she did not expect the encounter to grow into a friendship that would endure into his adulthood. The author recounts how she and Maurice, a promising boy from a drug-addicted family, learned to trust each other. Schroff acknowledges risks—including the possibility of her actions being misconstrued and the tension of crossing socio-economic divides—but does not dwell on the complexities of homelessness or the philosophical problems of altruism. She does not question whether public recognition is beneficial, or whether it is sufficient for the recipient to realize the extent of what has been done. With the assistance of People human-interest writer Tresniowski (Tiger Virtues, 2005, etc.), Schroff adheres to a personal narrative that traces her troubled relationship with her father, her meetings with Maurice and his background, all while avoiding direct parallels, noting that their childhoods differed in severity even if they shared similar emotional voids. With feel-good dramatizations, the story seldom transcends the message that reaching out makes a difference. It is framed in simple terms, from attributing the first meeting to “two people with complicated pasts and fragile dreams” that were “somehow meant to be friends” to the conclusion that love is a driving force. Admirably, Schroff notes that she did not seek a role as a “substitute parent,” and she does not judge Maurice’s mother for her lifestyle. That both main figures experience a few setbacks yet eventually survive is never in question; the story fittingly concludes with an epilogue by Maurice. For readers seeking an uplifting reminder that small gestures matter.
Pub Date: Nov. 1, 2011
ISBN: 978-1-4516-4251-3
Page Count: 288
Publisher: Howard Books/Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: July 26, 2011
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 2011
BOOK REVIEW
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