Critical in understanding today’s immigration issues.
A history of the struggle for immigration law reform in 20th-century America.
In this excellent debut, Yang—a deputy national editor at the New York Times who was part of a Washington Post team that won a Pulitzer Prize for their coverage of the ties between Donald Trump and Russia—recounts the making of the historic Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which opened the door to Asian, Latin American, African, and Middle Eastern immigrants and “helped define America as a multicultural nation.” Until then, becoming an American was tied to European ancestry, with entry barred to nearly all Asians. In a lively, smoothly flowing narrative based on archival research, the author describes the “racial paranoia” of the 1920s, marked by the reemergence of the Ku Klux Klan, the continued popularity of Madison Grant’s The Passing of the Great Race, and the surge in eugenics. Anti-immigration sentiment led to a restrictive 1924 law, which deliberately cut immigration under quotas based on the number of foreign-born Americans in 1890. In ensuing decades, writes the author, restrictions continued, with concerns over communist infiltration by immigrants growing more important than the desire to control the race and nationality of Americans. By the 1950s, a “coalition of the powerful and powerless,” led by Congressman Emanuel Celler and including families of interned Japanese Americans, argued for immigration in the more conducive climate engendered by increasing celebration of the immigrant past, the scholarship of historian Oscar Handlin (The Uprooted), and politicians’ eagerness for urban ethnic votes. By then, even organized labor supported immigration. Throughout her important story, Yang highlights human and political drama, from the histrionics of racists to the political machinations of Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson on behalf of the displaced and others. The author also reveals the roles of unsung heroes like White House aide Mike Feldman, who shaped JFK’s message in A Nation of Immigrants. Yang illuminates the little-known, “transformative” 1965 law that spurred demographic changes expected to result in a nonwhite majority in America within a few decades.
Critical in understanding today’s immigration issues.Pub Date: May 19, 2020
ISBN: 978-0-393-63584-3
Page Count: 384
Publisher: Norton
Review Posted Online: Feb. 8, 2020
Kirkus Reviews Issue: March 1, 2020
PERSPECTIVES
PERSPECTIVES
An erudite, astute synopsis of Israel's economic, social, and political upheavals from 1987 to 1993. Frankel, a Pulitzer Prizewinning journalist who served as Jerusalem bureau chief for the Washington Post from 1986 to 1989, collected an impressive amount of material in the course of his reporting. He uses it to build a history of the tumultuous events that have challenged Israel in recent years: the intifada, the Persian Gulf War, the huge influx of Soviet Jews, the interactions of Knesset members, the confrontations between President Bush and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir, the Labor Party's defeat of the right-wing Likud Party in 1992, and the momentous Israeli-Palestinian peace accord. Frankel's prevailing theme in his analysis of these events is that a younger, more progressive-minded citizenship is now shaping Israel's future. Gone, he says, are outdated, Socialist-Zionist attitudes; the new consumer-oriented, Westernized attractions are ``in.'' Israelis feel, says Frankel, that for the first time since the 1948 establishment of the state, Israel is strong enough to create history—as opposed to being defined by it—and thus to make peace with its enemies. He writes that Israel is ``still cognizant of its tragic, heroic, bloodstained past, but it [is] more self-confident, pluralistic, open and bourgeois.'' This belief is most effectively argued in the final chapters, which culminate in the pivotal resolution between Israel and the PLO. Displaying impeccable precision and clarity, Frankel delves deep into the mindsets and backgrounds of Israelis and Arabs—VIPs and civilians alike—to elucidate their often complex, emotion-filled decisions. He explains, for instance, why European-born Yitzhak Shamir was unable to move forward with peace while his Israeli-born successor, Yitzhak Rabin, was. Steeped in thoughtful commentary and deftly written with a reporter's eye for detail, this comprehensive history is a jewel. (Author tour)
Pub Date: Nov. 4, 1994
ISBN: 0-671-79649-6
Page Count: 432
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 1994
A self-involved, amateurish tale of a trip into the world of capital punishment. Freelance journalist Goldhammer made a cross-country journey in 1990 to explore the world of state-sanctioned killing. ``If I wanted to read an in-depth report on capital punishment, I would have to write it myself,'' he declares. However, his findings don't go much beyond extant journalism, and his book is far overshadowed by Helen Prejean's Dead Men Walking (1993). Goldhammer writes in a modified diary form, with long quotes from his subjects amplified by awkward faux drama: ``In my mind, trepidation hung in the cool fall air....'' He opposes the death penalty, citing the usual, solid reasons: It's no deterrent; it's mainly applied to the poor and black; the endless appeals that follow a sentence of death are more costly than life imprisonment. His interviews contain nuggets of interest: Philosopher Hugo Bedau, author of The Death Penalty in America, declares support for the death penalty ``a mile wide and an inch deep''; much publicized Virginia inmate Joe Giarratano's legal expertise leads a guard at Giarratano's prison to say, ``Everybody here respects him.'' Goldhammer goes to a Florida prison for the execution of Ray Clark, and interviews death penalty abolitionists and supporters; he declares resonantly that the white handkerchief that indicates the execution is complete is ``a sign of surrender,'' of society giving up. In Alabama, the warden in charge of death row refuses to voice his personal views on the death penalty; he says offering education and certain privileges makes his inmates ``the best group of guys I've ever had.'' In closing, the author gives an account of a case he followed, involving a severely retarded young man who brutally killed an eight-year-old boy and was sentenced to death. Falls short both as narrative and as argument. (10 photos, not seen)
Pub Date: Oct. 15, 1994
ISBN: 1-879418-15-0
Page Count: 200
Publisher: N/A
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 1994
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