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1688

A GLOBAL HISTORY

Occasionally entertaining bedside reading for history buffs, but not much more.

Another global history set in a pivotal year.

Following the recent fashion for historical narratives pegged to significant dates—Olivier Bernier’s The World in 1800 (p. 220), Jules Witcover’s The Year the Dream Died (1997), and Robert Lacey’s The Year 1000 (1999), to name a few—Wills (History/Univ. of Southern California) weighs in with this account of 1688, the year of England’s Glorious Revolution, the flourishing of the Filipino galleon trade, the westward growth of the Ottoman empire, and the increased systematization of the African slave trade, among other developments. Featuring such colorful figures such as William Penn, the Viceroy of Ouidah, and Aphra Behn, the narrative takes fascinating turns into little-known episodes of history. Among the more obscure actors who turn up here are the Dog Shogun, a Japanese ruler who apparently cared more for dogs than people; Father Vincenzo Coronelli, who launched what may have been the world’s first atlas-publishing company and built what was at the time the world’ s largest globe; the Mongol emperor Kangxi, who strove to integrate the many different ethnic groups under his rule against growing threats from Russia and Japan; and the Scottish-born general Patrick Gordon, whose service under two tsars helped make Russia a threat to begin with. However, Wills seldom expands his character sketches beyond mere vignettes, except in the better-developed sections on Britain and British colonial matters, and he fails to find a theme connecting people and places across the reach of space. As a result, his account is little more than a compendium of interesting but isolated events that happened to occur in a certain year. Reading it is much like watching a movie full of star cameos but without a plot.

Occasionally entertaining bedside reading for history buffs, but not much more.

Pub Date: Jan. 1, 2001

ISBN: 0-393-04744-X

Page Count: 352

Publisher: Norton

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Nov. 15, 2000

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THE ORDER OF THE DAY

In this meticulously detailed and evocative book, history comes alive, and it isn’t pretty.

A meditation on Austria’s capitulation to the Nazis. The book won the 2017 Prix Goncourt.

Vuillard (Sorrow of the Earth: Buffalo Bill, Sitting Bull and the Tragedy of Show Business, 2017, etc.) is also a filmmaker, and these episodic vignettes have a cinematic quality to them. “The play is about to begin,” he writes on the first page, “but the curtain won’t rise….Even though the twentieth of February 1933 was not just any other day, most people spent the morning grinding away, immersed in the great, decent fallacy of work, with its small gestures that enfold a silent, conventional truth and reduce the entire epic of our lives to a diligent pantomime.” Having established his command of tone, the author proceeds through devastating character portraits of Hitler and Goebbels, who seduced and bullied their appeasers into believing that short-term accommodations would pay long-term dividends. The cold calculations of Austria’s captains of industries and the pathetic negotiations of leaders who knew that their protestations were mainly for show suggest the complicated complicity of a country where young women screamed for Hitler as if he were a teen idol. “The bride was willing; this was no rape, as some have claimed, but a proper wedding,” writes Vuillard. Yet the consummation was by no means as smoothly triumphant as the Nazi newsreels have depicted. The army’s entry into Austria was less a blitzkrieg than a mechanical breakdown, one that found Hitler stalled behind the tanks that refused to move as those prepared to hail his emergence wondered what had happened. “For it wasn’t only a few isolated tanks that had broken down,” writes the author, “not just the occasional armored truck—no, it was the vast majority of the great German army, and the road was now entirely blocked. It was like a slapstick comedy!” In the aftermath, some of those most responsible for Austria’s fall faced death by hanging, but at least one received an American professorship.

In this meticulously detailed and evocative book, history comes alive, and it isn’t pretty.

Pub Date: Sept. 25, 2018

ISBN: 978-1-59051-969-1

Page Count: 144

Publisher: Other Press

Review Posted Online: June 17, 2018

Kirkus Reviews Issue: July 1, 2018

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THE DAIRY RESTAURANT

An informative, nostalgic evocation of a special urban dining experience.

An account of once-popular New York restaurants that had a rich social and cultural history.

“Since, by choice or historical necessity, exile and travel were defining aspects of Jewish life, somewhere a Jew was always eating out,” observes cartoonist and MacArthur fellow Katchor (Illustration/Parsons, the New School; Hand-Drying in America, 2013, etc.) in his exhaustively researched, entertaining, and profusely illustrated history of Jewish dining preferences and practices. The Garden of Eden, he notes wryly, was “the first private eating place open to the public,” serving as a model for all the restaurants that came after: cafes, cafeterias, buffets, milk halls, lunch counters, diners, delicatessens, and, especially, dairy restaurants, a favorite destination among New York Jews, which Katchor remembers from his wanderings around the city as a young adult. Dairy restaurants, because they served no meat, attracted diners who observed kosher laws; many boasted a long menu that included items such as mushroom cutlet, blintzes, broiled fish, vegetarian liver, and fried eggplant steak. Attracted by the homey appearance and “forlorn” atmosphere of these restaurants, Katchor set out to uncover their history, engaging in years of “aimless reading in the libraries of New York and on the pages of the internet,” where he found menus, memoirs, telephone directories, newspaper ads, fiction, and food histories that fill the pages of his book with colorful anecdotes, trivia, and food lore. Although dairy restaurants were popular with Jewish immigrants, their advent in the U.S. predated immigrants’ demand for Eastern European meatless dishes. The milk hall, often located in parks, resorts, or spas, gained popularity throughout 19th-century Europe. Franz Kafka, for example, treated himself to a glass of sour milk from a milk pavilion after a day in a Prague park. Jews were not alone in embracing vegetarianism. In Europe and America, shunning meat was inspired by several causes, including utopian socialism, which sought to distance itself from “the beef-eating aristocracy”; ethical preferences; and health concerns. A meatless diet relieved digestive problems, many sufferers found.

An informative, nostalgic evocation of a special urban dining experience.

Pub Date: March 10, 2020

ISBN: 978-0-8052-4219-5

Page Count: 496

Publisher: Schocken

Review Posted Online: Nov. 23, 2019

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 15, 2019

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