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CHAUCER

A EUROPEAN LIFE

A meticulously researched, well-styled academic study showing Chaucer as the “consummate networker.”

A thorough look at the rich “imaginative development” of the author of The Canterbury Tales.

Turner (English/Jesus Coll., Univ. of Oxford) concentrates on the cultural and intellectual currents in Geoffrey Chaucer’s life (c. 1342-1400), declaring that the “emotional life” of this medieval English author is “beyond the biographer’s reach.” As she writes, “I’ve chosen to tell the story of his life and his poetry through spaces and places, rather than through strict chronology.” The author manages to glean a great deal about her subject’s life: his childhood in Vintry Ward, London, as the son of a prosperous wine merchant; his witness to the ravages of the Black Plague; his lifelong political attachment to the reigning English sovereign, Edward III, and his royal household. As a young teen, Chaucer's employment with Elizabeth de Burgh, the countess of Ulster, allowed him to absorb all the trappings of wealth while his subsequent travels as ambassador and accountant to Edward and John of Gaunt to France and Italy exposed him to the wildly popular medieval love tales of the time, such as “Roman de la Rose.” As he pursued his own work, Chaucer wrote in English; Turner partly explains his choosing to write in the vernacular as a kind of international trend of the time. Later, his exploration of innovative rhythms led to the invention of the iambic pentameter. The Canterbury Tales, written during his last years living and working at the counting house in the commercial heart of London, reveals the enormous diversity of personages he encountered; this is especially evident in the novel nuances in his portrayals of women. Turner also diligently explores the inspirations behind Chaucer’s recurrent metaphors, demonstrating how he “repeatedly emphasized in his poetry the need to go to the streets and listen to all kinds of people.” Though perhaps too dense for general readers, the book is well-suited to scholars and students of medieval literature.

A meticulously researched, well-styled academic study showing Chaucer as the “consummate networker.”

Pub Date: April 9, 2019

ISBN: 978-0-691-16009-2

Page Count: 640

Publisher: Princeton Univ.

Review Posted Online: Feb. 2, 2019

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2019

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NIGHT

The author's youthfulness helps to assure the inevitable comparison with the Anne Frank diary although over and above the...

Elie Wiesel spent his early years in a small Transylvanian town as one of four children. 

He was the only one of the family to survive what Francois Maurois, in his introduction, calls the "human holocaust" of the persecution of the Jews, which began with the restrictions, the singularization of the yellow star, the enclosure within the ghetto, and went on to the mass deportations to the ovens of Auschwitz and Buchenwald. There are unforgettable and horrifying scenes here in this spare and sombre memoir of this experience of the hanging of a child, of his first farewell with his father who leaves him an inheritance of a knife and a spoon, and of his last goodbye at Buchenwald his father's corpse is already cold let alone the long months of survival under unconscionable conditions. 

The author's youthfulness helps to assure the inevitable comparison with the Anne Frank diary although over and above the sphere of suffering shared, and in this case extended to the death march itself, there is no spiritual or emotional legacy here to offset any reader reluctance.

Pub Date: Jan. 16, 2006

ISBN: 0374500010

Page Count: 120

Publisher: Hill & Wang

Review Posted Online: Oct. 7, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2006

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GENGHIS KHAN AND THE MAKING OF THE MODERN WORLD

A horde-pleaser, well-written and full of surprises.

“The Mongols swept across the globe as conquerors,” writes the appreciative pop anthropologist-historian Weatherford (The History of Money, 1997, etc.), “but also as civilization’s unrivaled cultural carriers.”

No business-secrets fluffery here, though Weatherford does credit Genghis Khan and company for seeking “not merely to conquer the world but to impose a global order based on free trade, a single international law, and a universal alphabet with which to write all the languages of the world.” Not that the world was necessarily appreciative: the Mongols were renowned for, well, intemperance in war and peace, even if Weatherford does go rather lightly on the atrocities-and-butchery front. Instead, he accentuates the positive changes the Mongols, led by a visionary Genghis Khan, brought to the vast territories they conquered, if ever so briefly: the use of carpets, noodles, tea, playing cards, lemons, carrots, fabrics, and even a few words, including the cheer hurray. (Oh, yes, and flame throwers, too.) Why, then, has history remembered Genghis and his comrades so ungenerously? Whereas Geoffrey Chaucer considered him “so excellent a lord in all things,” Genghis is a byword for all that is savage and terrible; the word “Mongol” figures, thanks to the pseudoscientific racism of the 19th century, as the root of “mongoloid,” a condition attributed to genetic throwbacks to seed sown by Mongol invaders during their decades of ravaging Europe. (Bad science, that, but Dr. Down’s son himself argued that imbeciles “derived from an earlier form of the Mongol stock and should be considered more ‘pre-human, rather than human.’ ”) Weatherford’s lively analysis restores the Mongols’ reputation, and it takes some wonderful learned detours—into, for instance, the history of the so-called Secret History of the Mongols, which the Nazis raced to translate in the hope that it would help them conquer Russia, as only the Mongols had succeeded in doing.

A horde-pleaser, well-written and full of surprises.

Pub Date: March 2, 2004

ISBN: 0-609-61062-7

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Crown

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 1, 2003

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