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THE DIVORCE OF HENRY VIII

THE UNTOLD STORY FROM INSIDE THE VATICAN

An impressive, dogged study for armchair Tudor detectives.

Assiduously tracking Henry VIII’s point man in Rome.

Henry’s divorce from Catherine of Aragon took six years to effect, involving numerous emissaries to the Vatican who may or may not have been on the up and up, and rupturing England’s ties to the Catholic Church in the end. The process proves exacting, engrossing reading as English academic Fletcher (History/Durham Univ.) focuses on the toilsome job of “resident diplomat” in Rome Gregorio Casali, who tried desperately to placate all factions, including Pope Clement and King Henry. However, the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, had besieged Rome for plunder and was not amused by Henry’s attempt to divorce his lawful queen of nearly 20 years. While Catherine was effectively lobbying her Spanish relatives and the pope constantly for support, Henry was enlisting academics to substantiate his claim that marrying his brother’s wife had amounted to a biblical hex. The campaign for public opinion wore on: Henry wanted an heir, plain and simple, and was willing to sever ties with the Roman Catholic Church to do it. Little by little, with his lover Anne Boleyn’s help, he cut the Church’s influence across England, putting the pressure on Clement, who delayed interminably. Fletcher goes step by step, a numbing-by-details process: Bribery, nepotism, murder, marriage (Casali's own) and Halley’s Comet all pass through these pages before Henry finally got his way and married Anne in 1533. Yet with Wolsey’s fall from favor and death, Casali returned to England to plead his case “that I and my kindred shall be an example to every man of the ingratitude of princes,” then died soon after, abandoned by England.

An impressive, dogged study for armchair Tudor detectives.

Pub Date: June 19, 2012

ISBN: 978-0-230-34151-7

Page Count: 288

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan

Review Posted Online: April 3, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: April 15, 2012

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JOHN ADAMS

Despite the whopping length, there's not a wasted word in this superb, swiftly moving narrative, which brings new and...

A great, troubled, and, it seems, overlooked president receives his due from the Pulitzer-winning historian/biographer McCullough (Truman, 1992, etc.).

John Adams, to gauge by the letters and diaries from which McCullough liberally quotes, did not exactly go out of his way to assume a leadership role in the tumultuous years of the American Revolution, though he was always “ambitious to excel.” Neither, however, did he shy from what he perceived to be a divinely inspired historical necessity; he took considerable personal risks in spreading the American colonists’ rebellion across his native Massachusetts. Adams gained an admirable reputation for fearlessness and for devotion not only to his cause but also to his beloved wife Abigail. After the Revolution, though he was quick to yield to the rebellion's military leader, George Washington, part of the reason that the New England states enjoyed influence in a government dominated by Virginians was the force of Adams's character. His lifelong nemesis, who tested that character in many ways, was also one of his greatest friends: Thomas Jefferson, who differed from Adams in almost every important respect. McCullough depicts Jefferson as lazy, a spendthrift, always in debt and always in trouble, whereas Adams never rested and never spent a penny without good reason, a holdover from the comparative poverty of his youth. Despite their sometimes vicious political battles (in a bafflingly complex environment that McCullough carefully deconstructs), the two shared a love of books, learning, and revolutionary idealism, and it is one of those wonderful symmetries of history that both died on the same day, the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. While McCullough never misses an episode in Adams's long and often troubled life, he includes enough biographical material on Jefferson that this can be considered two biographies for the price of one—which explains some of its portliness.

Despite the whopping length, there's not a wasted word in this superb, swiftly moving narrative, which brings new and overdue honor to a Founding Father.

Pub Date: May 1, 2001

ISBN: 0-684-81363-7

Page Count: 736

Publisher: Simon & Schuster

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: March 15, 2001

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WHY WE'RE POLARIZED

A clear, useful guide through the current chaotic political landscape.

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A sharp explanation of how American politics has become so discordant.

Journalist Klein, co-founder of Vox, formerly of the Washington Post, MSNBC, and Bloomberg, reminds readers that political commentators in the 1950s and ’60s denounced Republicans and Democrats as “tweedledum and tweedledee.” With liberals and conservatives in both parties, they complained, voters lacked a true choice. The author suspects that race played a role, and he capably shows us why and how. For a century after the Civil War, former Confederate states, obsessed with keeping blacks powerless, elected a congressional bloc that “kept the Democratic party less liberal than it otherwise would’ve been, the Republican Party congressionally weaker than it otherwise would’ve been, and stopped the parties from sorting themselves around the deepest political cleavage of the age.” Following the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, many white Southern Democrats became Republicans, and the parties turned consistently liberal and conservative. Given a “true choice,” Klein maintains, voters discarded ideology in favor of “identity politics.” Americans, like all humans, cherish their “tribe” and distrust outsiders. Identity was once a preoccupation of minorities, but it has recently attracted white activists and poisoned the national discourse. The author deplores the decline of mass media (network TV, daily newspapers), which could not offend a large audience, and the rise of niche media and internet sites, which tell a small audience only what they want to hear. American observers often joke about European nations that have many parties who vote in lock step. In fact, such parties cooperate to pass legislation. America is the sole system with only two parties, both of which are convinced that the other is not only incompetent (a traditional accusation), but a danger to the nation. So far, calls for drastic action to prevent the apocalypse are confined to social media, fringe activists, and the rhetoric of Trump supporters. Fortunately—according to Klein—Trump is lazy, but future presidents may be more savvy. The author does not conclude this deeply insightful, if dispiriting, analysis by proposing a solution.

A clear, useful guide through the current chaotic political landscape.

Pub Date: Jan. 28, 2020

ISBN: 978-1-4767-0032-8

Page Count: 336

Publisher: Avid Reader Press

Review Posted Online: Dec. 21, 2019

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2020

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