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SPHERES OF INFLUENCE

THE GREAT POWERS PARTITION EUROPE, FROM MUNICH TO YALTA

Largely familiar tale of great-power politics prior to and during WW II; by Gardner (History/Rutgers; Approaching Vietnam, 1988, etc.). Gardner argues that the roots of the territorial agreements that culminated at Yalta can be discerned in the efforts of the great powers to avoid WW II and to find ``spheres of influence.'' His basis for including the US in this thesis is a 1938 initiative by FDR to set up an international conference to ``lend support and impetus'' to Anglo-French attempts to reach ``a practical understanding with Germany both on colonies and upon security, as well as upon European adjustments.'' Since then-British PM Neville Chamberlain was unenthusiastic, Roosevelt dropped the idea. Gardner doggedly pursues the ``spheres of influence'' theme throughout the period, but although there are some conspicuous exceptions (such as Yalta), the historical references to the finding of these spheres seem—with the Eastern European nations facing the overwhelming might of Soviet armies—to have been animated by faint hope rather than clear calculation. Both Churchill and FDR veered between egotistical assurance and brutal realism, says Gardner, while Roosevelt discerned quite early that Stalin had only two choices: ``One, isolation after lopping off certain territory along Russia's boundaries, accompanied by the maintenance of heavy armaments; two, become part of the world and meet all Russia's responsibilities under a sane, practical policy of international cooperation.'' Gardner—against what seems to be much evidence to the contrary- -believes that Stalin might have accepted such a sane policy. He concludes that ``it is difficult to imagine how the US could have managed the economic recovery of Europe without the Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe.'' In truth, however, it's more likely that it was the Soviet threat rather than its sphere of influence that spurred America's European reconstruction policy. Some useful information clearly presented, but, overall—to adapt the famous Churchill phrase—a pudding in search of a theme.

Pub Date: May 14, 1993

ISBN: 1-56663-011-8

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Ivan Dee/Rowman & Littlefield

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: March 15, 1993

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KILLERS OF THE FLOWER MOON

THE OSAGE MURDERS AND THE BIRTH OF THE FBI

Dogged original research and superb narrative skills come together in this gripping account of pitiless evil.

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Greed, depravity, and serial murder in 1920s Oklahoma.

During that time, enrolled members of the Osage Indian nation were among the wealthiest people per capita in the world. The rich oil fields beneath their reservation brought millions of dollars into the tribe annually, distributed to tribal members holding "headrights" that could not be bought or sold but only inherited. This vast wealth attracted the attention of unscrupulous whites who found ways to divert it to themselves by marrying Osage women or by having Osage declared legally incompetent so the whites could fleece them through the administration of their estates. For some, however, these deceptive tactics were not enough, and a plague of violent death—by shooting, poison, orchestrated automobile accident, and bombing—began to decimate the Osage in what they came to call the "Reign of Terror." Corrupt and incompetent law enforcement and judicial systems ensured that the perpetrators were never found or punished until the young J. Edgar Hoover saw cracking these cases as a means of burnishing the reputation of the newly professionalized FBI. Bestselling New Yorker staff writer Grann (The Devil and Sherlock Holmes: Tales of Murder, Madness, and Obsession, 2010, etc.) follows Special Agent Tom White and his assistants as they track the killers of one extended Osage family through a closed local culture of greed, bigotry, and lies in pursuit of protection for the survivors and justice for the dead. But he doesn't stop there; relying almost entirely on primary and unpublished sources, the author goes on to expose a web of conspiracy and corruption that extended far wider than even the FBI ever suspected. This page-turner surges forward with the pacing of a true-crime thriller, elevated by Grann's crisp and evocative prose and enhanced by dozens of period photographs.

Dogged original research and superb narrative skills come together in this gripping account of pitiless evil.

Pub Date: April 18, 2017

ISBN: 978-0-385-53424-6

Page Count: 352

Publisher: Doubleday

Review Posted Online: Feb. 1, 2017

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2017

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NIGHT

The author's youthfulness helps to assure the inevitable comparison with the Anne Frank diary although over and above the...

Elie Wiesel spent his early years in a small Transylvanian town as one of four children. 

He was the only one of the family to survive what Francois Maurois, in his introduction, calls the "human holocaust" of the persecution of the Jews, which began with the restrictions, the singularization of the yellow star, the enclosure within the ghetto, and went on to the mass deportations to the ovens of Auschwitz and Buchenwald. There are unforgettable and horrifying scenes here in this spare and sombre memoir of this experience of the hanging of a child, of his first farewell with his father who leaves him an inheritance of a knife and a spoon, and of his last goodbye at Buchenwald his father's corpse is already cold let alone the long months of survival under unconscionable conditions. 

The author's youthfulness helps to assure the inevitable comparison with the Anne Frank diary although over and above the sphere of suffering shared, and in this case extended to the death march itself, there is no spiritual or emotional legacy here to offset any reader reluctance.

Pub Date: Jan. 16, 2006

ISBN: 0374500010

Page Count: 120

Publisher: Hill & Wang

Review Posted Online: Oct. 7, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2006

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