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ORDERS TO KILL

THE TRUTH BEHIND THE MURDER OF MARTIN LUTHER KING

High-wrought conspiracy theory submitted to ``the court of last resortthe American people.'' Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. fell victim to an assassin's rifle on April 8, 1968. James Earl Ray, a career criminal and committed racist (although Pepper denies Ray's racism), confessed in a plea- bargain sentencing him to 99 years in prison. Now Pepper, a former civil rights activist, concludes that King's death must have been at the hands of a cabal of enemies. Pepper legally represents Ray, who has long claimed he was set up by a man named Raoul and steadfastly maintains his innocence. Although Ray seems to have been in all the right places at all the right times, Pepper proposes that some element among King's many enemies brought about his death: the CIA and FBI, who supposedly saw him as practitioner of the ``Peking line'' of Communist theory, organized crime, and especially agents of Army intelligence. Pepper conveys these claims in a tedious recapitulation of successive legal appeals that have not swayed even the Supreme Court (hence his turning to the ``court of last resort''recently in an HBO-televised mock trial whose jury declared Ray not guilty, and now the audience of book buyers). He offers tantalizing arguments, such as the apparent alteration of the rifle round that killed Kingit was taken from the body in one piece, Pepper says, but presented in court in three fragmentsand cites evidentiary contradictions and inconsistent testimony. Pepper sows plenty of doubt about the government's case, but fails to pull these doubts together into a convincing argument for who was really behind the assassination. That Martin Luther King had many enemies there can be no question. That James Earl Ray was an innocent patsy for them is another matter entirely, and Pepper does not clear his name.

Pub Date: Oct. 18, 1995

ISBN: 0-7867-0253-2

Page Count: 448

Publisher: N/A

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 1995

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THE WOMEN WHO MADE NEW YORK

An eclectic assortment of women make for an entertaining read.

An exuberant celebration of more than 100 women who shaped the myths and realities of New York City.

In her debut book, journalist Scelfo, who has written for the New York Times and Newsweek, aims to counter histories of New York that focus only on “male political leaders and male activists and male cultural tastemakers.” As the author discovered and shows, the contributions of women have been deeply significant, and she has chosen a copious roster of personalities, gathered under three dozen rubrics, such as “The Caretakers” (pioneering physicians Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell and Dr. Sara Josephine Baker, who enacted revolutionary hygienic measures in early-20th-century tenements); “The Loudmouths” (Joan Rivers and Better Midler); and “Wall Street” (brokerage firm founder Victoria Woodhull and miserly investor Hetty Green). With a plethora of women to choose from, Scelfo aimed for representation from musical theater, law enforcement, education, social justice movements, and various professions and organizations. Some of the women are familiar (Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis for her preservation work; Brooke Astor for her philanthropy), some iconic (Emma Lazarus, in a category of her own as “The Beacon”), and some little-known (artist Hildreth Meière, whose art deco designs can be seen on the south facade of Radio City Music Hall). One odd category is “The Crooks,” which includes several forgettable women who contributed to the city’s “cons and crimes.” The author’s brief, breezy bios reveal quirky facts about each woman, a form better suited to “The In-Crowd” (restaurateur Elaine Kaufman, hardly a crowd), entertainers (Betty Comden, Ethel Waters), and “The Wisecrackers” (Nora Ephron, Tina Fey) than to Susan Sontag, Edith Wharton, and Joan Didion. Nevertheless, the book is lively and fun, with something, no doubt, to pique anyone’s interest. Heald’s blithe illustrations add to the lighthearted mood.

An eclectic assortment of women make for an entertaining read.

Pub Date: Oct. 25, 2016

ISBN: 978-1-58005-653-3

Page Count: 304

Publisher: Seal Press

Review Posted Online: Aug. 20, 2016

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 1, 2016

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I KNOW WHY THE CAGED BIRD SINGS

However charily one should apply the word, a beautiful book, an unconditionally involving memoir for our time or any time.

Maya Angelou is a natural writer with an inordinate sense of life and she has written an exceptional autobiographical narrative which retrieves her first sixteen years from "the general darkness just beyond the great blinkers of childhood."

Her story is told in scenes, ineluctably moving scenes, from the time when she and her brother were sent by her fancy living parents to Stamps, Arkansas, and a grandmother who had the local Store. Displaced they were and "If growing up is painful for the Southern Black girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat." But alternating with all the pain and terror (her rape at the age of eight when in St. Louis With her mother) and humiliation (a brief spell in the kitchen of a white woman who refused to remember her name) and fear (of a lynching—and the time they buried afflicted Uncle Willie under a blanket of vegetables) as well as all the unanswered and unanswerable questions, there are affirmative memories and moments: her charming brother Bailey; her own "unshakable God"; a revival meeting in a tent; her 8th grade graduation; and at the end, when she's sixteen, the birth of a baby. Times When as she says "It seemed that the peace of a day's ending was an assurance that the covenant God made with children, Negroes and the crippled was still in effect."

However charily one should apply the word, a beautiful book, an unconditionally involving memoir for our time or any time.

Pub Date: Feb. 1, 1969

ISBN: 0375507892

Page Count: 235

Publisher: Random House

Review Posted Online: May 14, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 1, 1969

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